低成本GNSS接收机机载单点动态定位精度评估  

Airborne single point kinematic positioning accuracy evaluation for low-cost GNSS receivers

作　　者：黄申芹 管庆林 樊春明 陈崇成[2] HUANG Shenqin;GUAN Qinglin;FAN Chunming(College of Geography and Oceanography,Minjiang University,Fuzhou 350108,China;Institute of Satellite Navigation and Space Information Engineering,Minjiang University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]闽江学院海洋学院,福州350108 [2]福州大学地理空间信息技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,福州350108

出　　处：《导航定位学报》2022年第1期97-102,共6页Journal of Navigation and Positioning

基　　金：闽江学院科技项目(MYK21010);闽江学院“校长基金”项目(103952020083)。

摘　　要：针对采用信号模拟器进行全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)接收机动态定位测试与性能评估时,硬件成本高昂、未使用实际GNSS信号等问题,设计了以小型无人机(UAV)为载体的低成本GNSS接收机动态定位实验,在无人机爬升、直飞、转弯和降落四种飞行状态下,对其单点定位(SPP)精度进行评定和分析。实验结果表明:全球定位系统(GPS)与北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)组合定位时,低成本单频接收机的单点动态定位精度优于5m,小型无人机爬升、直飞、转弯和降落阶段,其水平定位精度分别为2.807,2.296,2.522和2.720 m;垂直定位精度分别为3.778,2.713,2.779和3.258 m。无人机四种飞行状态下,低成本接收机单点定位精度为:直飞状态下的精度优于转弯状态;转弯状态下精度优于爬升和降落状态。研究结果可为GNSS接收机动态性能测试和小型无人机机载应用GNSS接收机选型提供有益参考。The kinematic positioning performance evaluation of Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)receiver using signal simulators suffers from high hardware costs and the non-use of actual GNSS signals.In this paper,we designed a kinematic positioning experiment of the low-cost GNSS receiver with a small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)as the carrier,and evaluated its Single Point Positioning(SPP)accuracy in four phases:climbing,straight flight,turning and landing.The experimental results show that the kinematic SPP accuracy of the low-cost single-frequency GNSS receiver is better than 5 m for the combination of Global Positioning System(GPS)and BeiDou satellite navigation System(BDS),and the corresponding horizontal positioning accuracy is 2.807,2.296,2.522 and 2.720 m for the climbing,straight flight,turning and landing phases of the small UAV,respectively;the corresponding vertical positioning accuracy is 3.778,2.713,2.779 and 3.258 m,respectively.The SPP accuracy of the low-cost receiver in the phase of straight flight is better than that of the turning phase,and that of the turning phase is better than that of the climbing and landing phases.The results can provide useful references for kinematic positioning performance testing of GNSS receivers and selection of GNSS receivers for small UAV airborne applications.

关 键 词：全球卫星导航系统 低成本接收机 小型无人机 单点动态定位 定位精度 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]