草地贪夜蛾在玉米单作及玉米大豆间作田的扩散规律  

Dispersal of Spodoptera frugiperda in maize monoculture and intercropped maize-soybean fields

作　　者：郭井菲[1] 韩海亮[2] 何康来[1] 白树雄[1] 张天涛[1] 王振营[1] GUO Jingfei;HAN Hailiang;HE Kanglai;BAI Shuxiong;ZHANG Tiantao;WANG Zhenying(State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;Institute of Maize and Featured Upland Crops, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Dongyang 322100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]浙江省农业科学院玉米与特色旱粮研究所,东阳322100

出　　处：《植物保护》2022年第1期110-115,共6页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0300101);中国农业科学院重大科研项目(CAAS-ZDRW202007);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-02)。

摘　　要：草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith)是新入侵我国的一种重大致灾性害虫,对我国玉米生产构成严重威胁。本研究于2019年和2020年在田间调查研究了草地贪夜蛾在玉米单作以及玉米-大豆间作模式下的田间扩散规律。结果表明:草地贪夜蛾幼虫在2019年的36 m^(2)和2020年的64 m^(2)小区中存活率分别为43.4%和60.3%,为害株率分别为24.3%和21.1%,扩散半径分别为336.4 cm和611.3 cm。在扩散方向上没有明显的方向性,呈向四周随机扩散趋势,两年试验最远扩散距离均达到小区边缘。在玉米-大豆2∶2和2∶4间作田中玉米的总被害率、被害级别及草地贪夜蛾幼虫扩散半径与玉米单作田无显著差异,表明玉米-大豆2∶2和2∶4间作并不能对草地贪夜蛾幼虫的田间迁移扩散起到阻碍作用。草地贪夜蛾幼虫在玉米-大豆2∶2和2∶4间作田中玉米上的存活率分别为24.67%和23.67%,均显著低于玉米单作田中幼虫存活率,表明玉米-大豆间作可能会对其种群发展产生一定的抑制作用。本研究结果为草地贪夜蛾的种群监测及综合防控提供了参考。The fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith),is a new invasive insect pest that can bring great hazard to the maize production in China.In this study,the dispersal behavior of S.frugiperda in maize monoculture and maize-soybean intercropping fields were observed in 2019 and 2020.The results showed that the larval survival rates were 43.4%and 60.3%,the injury rates of maize plants were 24.3%and 21.1%,and the dispersal radii were 336.4 cm and 611.3 cm in the plots of 36 m^(2) and 64 m^(2) in 2019 and 2020,respectively.No significant directionality in any dispersal direction was observed,showing a random diffusion trend,and the maximum dispersal distance in the test of both years reached the plot edge.In addition,the total injury rate of maize plants,injury level and dispersal radii under maize-soybean intercropping modes in 2∶2(I_(22))and 2∶4(I_(24))ratios were not significantly different from those under maize monoculture mode,indicating that the maize-soybean intercropping modes of I_(22) and I_(24)could not hinder the dispersal of S.frugiperda in maize.The larval survival rate on maize plants under maize-soybean intercropping modes in 2∶2(I_(22))and 2∶4(I_(24))ratios were 24.67%and 23.67%,respectively,which were significantly lower than that of maize monoculture mode,indicating that maize-soybean intercropping modes might inhibit the population development.Our results provide a reference for the monitoring and integrated control of S.frugiperda.

关 键 词：草地贪夜蛾 玉米 大豆 间作 田间扩散 

分 类 号：S435.132[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]