贵州果园实蝇科害虫种群多样性分析  

Population diversity analysis of fruit fly community in Guizhou province

作　　者：叶照春[1] 金剑雪[1] 周鹏 刘刚 张鑫 李鸿波 程英[1] 周宇航 李凤良[1] YE Zhaochun;JIN Jianxue;ZHOU Peng;LIU Gang;ZHANG Xin;LI Hongbo;CHENG Ying;ZHOU Yuhang;LI Fengliang(Institute of Plant Protection, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China;The Planting Development Center of Liupanshui Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Guizhou Province, Liupanshui 553000, China;Longli Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Guizhou Province, Longli 551200, China;College of Agronomy, Anshun University, Anshun 561000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院植物保护研究所,贵阳550006 [2]贵州省六盘水市农业农村局种植业发展中心,六盘水553000 [3]贵州省龙里县农业农村局,龙里551200 [4]安顺学院农学院,安顺561000

出　　处：《植物保护》2022年第1期132-139,共8页Plant Protection

基　　金：贵州省农业科技计划(黔科合支撑[2018]2355);贵州省精品水果现代农业产业技术体系[GZCYTX2020-04]。

摘　　要：为明确贵州果园实蝇科害虫种类及多样性,评估贵州实蝇科害虫为害风险,保证特色果品质量及水果产业健康发展,本研究于2019年采用性诱剂、食诱剂等方式开展了贵州果园实蝇科害虫的诱集。经过1年持续调查监测,明确了贵州7个监测果园实蝇种类为8种,均属寡鬃实蝇亚科Dacinae,其中果实蝇属Bactrocera 2种,镞果实蝇属Zeugodacus 5种,寡鬃实蝇属Dacus 1种;除开阳县宅吉乡桃园具条实蝇Zeugodacus scutellatus(Hendel)数量较多外,其余6个监测点均以橘小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel)数量较多,总占比为73.23%,是贵州果园实蝇科害虫的主要优势种;其次为南瓜实蝇Zeugodacus tau(Walker),总占比为18.51%;而具条实蝇(4.47%)、黑漆实蝇Zeugodacus scutellaris(Bezzi)(3.24%)、三点棍腹实蝇Dacus trimacula(Wang)(0.46%)占比均低于5%。在贵州西部区域六盘水市蟠龙镇猕猴桃园和黔中区域龙里县三元镇桃园诱集到越南实蝇Zeugodacus yoshimotoi(Hardy)(0.02%);在黔西南区域安龙县者贵村芒果园诱集到泰实蝇Bactrocera thailandica Drew&Hancock,总占比仅为0.07%;另外,在蟠龙镇和者贵村诱集到瓜实蝇Zeugodacus cucurbitae(Coquillett)(0.0057%),上述3种实蝇数量均较少。比较各监测点的Simpson优势度指数(D)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)和均匀度指数(jsw),均以者贵村芒果园的最低,分别为0.0997、0.2637和0.1355;而7个监测点诱集实蝇的相似性系数(G)在0.7143~1之间,表明各监测果园实蝇种类为中等相似,甚至极为相似,均以橘小实蝇为优势种,实蝇的种群数量分布整体上呈现从贵州西南到东北逐渐降低的趋势。To determine the species and diversity of Tephritidae pests in the orchards of Guizhou province,evaluate the risk of their damages in Guizhou,and provide targeted control strategies to ensure the quality of characteristic fruits and healthy development of fruit industry,the Tephritidae pests were continuously trapped in the orchards by using sex attractants and feeding attractants in 2019.Through one-year investigation,there were eight species of fruit flies in seven orchards in Guizhou,including two species of Bactrocera,five species of Zeugodacus and one species of Dacus.Except for the number of Zeugodacus scutellatus(Hendel)in peach orchards in Zhaiji village,Kaiyang county,Guiyang city was slightly higher,Bactrocera dorsalis was main dominant species in the other six monitoring points,accounting for 73.23%of the total,The second was Zeugodacus tau(Walker)(18.51%).However,the proportions of Z.scutellatus(4.47%),Z.scutellaris(Bezzi)(3.24%)and Dacus trimacula(Wang)(0.46%)were all less than 5%.Z.yoshimotoi(Hardy)(0.02%)was trapped in kiwi orchard of Panlong township,Liupanshui city and peach orchard of Sanyuan township,Longli county.B.thailandica Drew&Hancock(0.07%)was trapped in mango orchards of Zhegui village,Anlong county,in Southwest Guizhou,and Z.cucurbitae(Coquillett)(0.0057%)was trapped in Panlong township and Zhegui village.The number of these three species above was relatively small.Diversity analysis showed that the Simpson dominance index(D),the Shannon-Wiener's information diversity index(H′)and the evenness index(jsw)in the mango orchard of Zhegui village,Anlong county were the lowest(0.0997,0.2637 and 0.1355,respectively).The similarity coefficients(G)of the seven monitoring locations were between 0.7143-1,indicating that the species in orchards monitored were moderately similar or even extremely similar.The dominant species of fruit fly pests in the orchards of Guizhou was B.dorsalis.The distribution of Tephritidae fruit fly pests generally exhibited a decreasing trend from southwest to northeas

关 键 词：实蝇 多样性分析 贵州 果园 

分 类 号：S436.67[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]