栗疫病菌侵染板栗枝条的显微观察  

Microscopic observation on infection process of chestnut branches by Cryphonectria parasitica

作　　者：郝雅琼 刘红星 王泽华 聂兴华 李伊然 陈旭 王维香[1] 秦岭[1] 邢宇[1] HAO Yaqiong;LIU Hongxing;WANG Zehua;NIE Xinghua;LI Yiran;CHEN Xu;WANG Weixiang;QIN Ling;XING Yu(College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京102206

出　　处：《植物保护》2022年第1期179-184,203,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1000605);北京市属高等学校创新团队建设与教师职业发展计划(IDHT20180509)。

摘　　要：栗疫病是一种严重危害栗属植物的病害。为了明确栗疫病菌侵染板栗枝条的过程及侵染的关键时间点,本研究利用病理组织切片技术、显微镜和扫描电镜技术对栗疫病菌侵染板栗枝条的过程进行了观察。结果表明:接种栗疫病菌后0~5 h,菌丝先降解枝条表皮,进行横向营养生长的同时沿着伤口纵向侵染,为进入皮层做准备;接种后6 h病菌开始在表皮定殖,并侵入皮层;接种后9 h在皮层可观察到侵染性菌丝沿着细胞间隙向相邻细胞延伸;接种后12 h栗疫病菌侵入韧皮部,在皮层的侵染面积扩大。随着侵染程度加深,皮层、韧皮部等处细胞被菌丝降解,最终在形成层附近聚集。接菌后9 h为栗疫病菌侵染板栗枝条的关键时间点。Chestnut blight is a disease that harms Castanea species seriously.In order to clarify the infection process of Cryphonectria parasitica in chestnut branches and the key time point of infection,the infection process of C.parasitica in chestnut branches were examined by pathological tissue section technology,microscope and scanning electron microscopy observations,respectively.The results showed that zero to five hours after inoculation,the hyphae first degraded the epidermal cells of the branches,and horizontally grew while infecting longitudinally along the wound to prepare for entering the cortex.Six hours after inoculation,C.parasitica colonized the epidermis and invaded into the cortex.Nine hours after inoculation,obvious infective hyphae can be observed in the cortex and extended along the intercellular space to adjacent cells.Twelve hours after inoculation,the pathogen infected the phloem,and the infection area of the cortex expanded.As the degree of infection deepened,cells in the cortex and phloem were degraded by hyphae,and eventually gathered near the cambium.Therefore,9 h was determined to be the key time point of infection.

关 键 词：板栗枝条 栗疫病菌 侵染过程 显微观察 

分 类 号：S436.64[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]