精噁唑禾草灵、甲基二磺隆、扑草净处理后日本看麦娘残存植株的生长和结实能力  

Growth and fertility of Alopecurus japonicus plants survived from fenoxaprop-P-ethyl,mesosulfuron-methyl and prometryn

作　　者：毛海燕 王宇泽 汪金源 王津 廖平强 陈国奇 MAO Haiyan;WANG Yuze;WANG Jinyuan;WANG Jin;LIAO Pingqiang;CHEN Guoqi(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Agricultural College (Research Institute of Rice Industrial Engineering Technology) of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;Nanjing Shansi Eco-technology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210039, China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室,扬州大学农学院(水稻产业工程技术研究院),扬州225009 [2]江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,扬州大学,扬州225009 [3]南京善思生态科技有限公司,南京210039

出　　处：《植物保护》2022年第1期305-311,共7页Plant Protection

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金(CX(20)1012);江苏现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(JATS[2020]452);江苏省高校重点学术计划开发项目(PAPD)。

摘　　要：以采自江苏省扬州市小麦田的3个日本看麦娘种群(AJ191、AJ193、AJ195)为例,研究了供试种群对精噁唑禾草灵、甲基二磺隆、扑草净3种不同作用机理的代表性麦田除草剂的敏感性及药剂处理后残存植株的生长和结实能力。结果表明,在推荐剂量处理下,精噁唑禾草灵对3个种群的控制效果均不理想,扑草净对3个种群均有高活性,甲基二磺隆对AJ191和AJ193具有高活性。与AJ191相比,AJ193对精噁唑禾草灵表现出中抗性;AJ195对精噁唑禾草灵具有高抗性,对甲基二磺隆具有中抗性,对扑草净具有低抗性。AJ191种群经精噁唑禾草灵103.5 g/hm^(2)(有效成分用量,下同)处理后残存植株继续单株盆栽至播种后180 d,地上部分干重、结实分蘖数和种子总产量与不用除草剂处理对照组相比,分别显著下降43.1%、42.6%和44.4%(P<0.05)。AJ193和AJ195种群经精噁唑禾草灵103.5 g/hm^(2)及扑草净375 g/hm^(2)处理后以及AJ195种群经甲基二磺隆15.75 g/hm^(2)处理后的残存植株继续培养至播种后180 d,地上部分干重、结实分蘖数、种子总产量均与未经除草剂处理无显著差异。上述结果表明,3种麦田除草剂处理后日本看麦娘种群残存植株均表现出较强的生长和结实能力;扑草净对日本看麦娘具有高活性,可用于抗精噁唑禾草灵或甲基二磺隆日本看麦娘种群的治理。Taking three Alopecurus japonicus populations(AJ191,AJ193 and AJ195)collected from wheat fields in Yangzhou,Jiangsu province as targets,sensitivity of these populations to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl,mesosulfuron-methyl and prometryn was investigated,and growth and fertility of A.japonicus plants survived from herbicide treatments were also determined.These three herbicides represent three different modes of action.The results indicated that treated with the recommended dose,fenoxaprop-P-ethyl showed low efficacies on the three populations,prometryn showed high efficacies on the three populations and mesosulfuron-methyl showed high efficacies on AJ191 and AJ193.Compared with AJ191,AJ193 showed moderate resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl,AJ195 showed high resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl,moderate resistance to mesosulfuron-methyl and low resistance to prometryn.Compared with AJ191 plants without any herbicide treatment,AJ191 plants survived from fenoxaprop-P-ethyl 103.5 g/hm^(2)(active ingredient,the same below)treatments showed significant(P<0.05)decreases in the dry weight of aboveground parts,number of reproductive tillers per plant and number of total seeds per plant 180 d after sowing,by 43.1%,42.6%and 44.4%,respectively.Nevertheless,compared with plants from the same population without any herbicide treatment,AJ193 and AJ195 surviving plants after treated with fenoxaprop-P-ethyl at 103.5 g/hm^(2) or prometryn at 375 g/hm^(2),and AJ195 surviving plants after treated with mesosulfuron-methyl at 15.75 g/hm^(2),showed no significant difference in the dry weight of aboveground parts,number of reproductive tillers per plant and number of total seeds per plant 180 d after sowing.In conclusion,after treated with the three representative wheat herbicides,all of the three A.japonicus populations showed high abilities on growth and reproduction.Prometryn showed high efficacies on A.japonicus,which could be used to manage A.japonicus populations with resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl or mesosulfuron-methyl.

关 键 词：日本看麦娘 除草剂抗药性 生物量 种子产量 

分 类 号：S451.2[农业科学—植物保护]