曲面栅极朝向对离子推力器影响的试验研究  

Experimental of the Influence of Grid Optical System Spherical Orientation on the Operating Characteristics of Ion Thruster

作　　者：郭德洲 胡竟[1] 杨福全[1] 耿海[1] 李娟[1] 赵以德[1] 李建鹏 GUO Dezhou;HU Jing;YANG Fuquan;GENG Hai;LI Juan;ZHAO Yide;LI Jianpeng(Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory,Lanzhou Institute of Physics,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州空间技术物理研究所真空技术与物理重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《真空与低温》2022年第1期115-121,共7页Vacuum and Cryogenics

基　　金：民用航天预先研究项目(D010509)。

摘　　要：离子推力器主要有两种构型的曲面栅极:凸面和凹面。为了研究曲面栅极朝向对离子推力器工作特性的影响,采用兰州空间技术物理研究所自研的LIPS-100离子推力器,开展了20 mN推力工况下两种构型栅极的放电损耗、束流密度分布和低温启动等工作特性对比试验。结果表明:与凸面栅极相比,凹面栅极的放电特征尺寸小、热态栅间距大;采用凹面栅极的推力器可在-90℃极限温度环境下10 s内满功率启动,但放电损耗增加了5.3%;同时,凹面栅极引出的离子更为聚焦,束流发散角减小了18.6%,引出束流平直度下降了19.6%。研究结果可为国内离子推力器研制中栅极构型的选择和优化提供依据。Ion thruster mainly has two grid optical system configuration modes:convex and concave grid.In order to study the influence of grid optical system configuration modes on the operating characteristics of ion thruster,combined with the performance tests of LIPS-100 ion thruster developed by Lanzhou Institute of Physics,which operated in 20mN thrust,various operating characteristics of the concave grid optical system including the discharge loss,ion beam current density distribution,and start-up characteristic at cryogenic temperature condition were verified by expe-riments comparing with the convex grid optical system.Comparisons illustrate that the concave grid optical system confi-guration decreases the discharge feature size and increases thermal grid spacing,resulting in the thruster can be started-up with full power in 10s at-90℃cryogenic temperature condition,but the discharge loss is increased by 5.3%.Concurrently,the extracted ions of the concave grid are more focused,which reduces the beam divergence angle by 18.6%,but the ion beam flatness is decreased by 19.6%.The study can provide approach for the selection and optimization of grid optical system configura‐tion for ion thruster.

关 键 词：离子推力器 栅极组件 凸面 凹面 工作特性 

分 类 号：V439.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]