氘氚冰籽晶的形核行为  

Crystal nucleation behavior of deuterium tritium ice

作　　者：张伟光 张凯奋[2] 夏立东 黄鑫[2] 周晓松[2] 彭述明[2] 施立群[1] Zhang Wei-Guang;Zhang Kai-Fen;Xia Li-Dong;Huang Xin;Zhou Xiao-Song;Peng Shu-Ming;Shi Li-Qun(Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application(MOE),Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621900,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学核物理与离子束应用教育部重点实验室,上海200433 [2]中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所,绵阳621900

出　　处：《物理学报》2022年第2期204-209,共6页Acta Physica Sinica

摘　　要：为了实现激光约束核聚变(ICF)的自持聚变目标,对靶壳内氘氚冰的质量提出了极其苛刻的要求,冰层内表面和靶壳的同心度要求大于99.9%,冰层内表面均方根粗糙度(RMS)优于1μm.高质量的冷冻氘氚靶建立在靶壳内高质量氘氚冰层的前提之上.单晶是冰层的最好形态,在靶壳内获得氘氚冰籽晶是基础条件.本文通过采用逐渐降低升温速率的台阶控温方法,开展了充气微管内保留籽晶的研究,揭示了充气微管内保留籽晶的形核机理,实验结果表明,利用充气管口可保留稳定、单一的籽晶,在相同的过冷度下,当氘氚籽晶c轴方向与充气管轴向平行时,生长速度较c轴垂直于充气管轴向时的速度慢约1—2个量级,为获得高质量的籽晶从而形成高质量的氘氚冰提供了参考和支撑.In order to achieve the self-sustaining fusion goal of inertial confinement fusion(ICF),extremely strict requirements for the quality of deuterium-tritium(D-T) ice in the target shell have been put forward.The concentricity between the inner surface of the ice and the target shell is required to be greater than 99.9%,and the root mean square(RMS) roughness of the inner surface of the ice is better than 1 μm.The high-quality ICF target is based on the high-quality D-T ice in the target shell.Single crystal is the best form of D-T ice,and seed crystal in target shell is the basic condition.In this paper,the step temperature control method of gradually reducing the heating rate is used to study the retention of seed crystals in the fill tube,and the nucleation mechanism of retention of seed crystals in the fill tube is revealed.The experimental results show that the use of the fill tube defects can keep stable and single seed crystal,and under the same supercooling,when deuterium tritium seed crystal c-axis and the fill tube are axially parallel,the growth rate is about 1–2 orders of magnitude slower than that when the c-axis is perpendicular to the axial direction of the gas filled tube.The results provide a reference for obtaining high-quality seed crystals,and a basic support for developing the D-T target in China.

关 键 词：氘氚冰 形核 聚变 靶 

分 类 号：TL632.1[核科学技术—核技术及应用]