有机复合生物肥与速效肥配施对水稻产量及土壤肥力的影响  

Effects of Combination of Organic Compound Biological Fertilizer and Readily Available Fertilizer on Rice Yield and Soil Fertility

作　　者：付雪蛟 郑舒文[1] 吕小红[1] 付立东[1] 刘中卓[1] 全革 纪薇薇[1] 刘琳琳[1] 张晶 FU Xue-jiao;ZHENG Shu-wen;LV Xiao-hong;FU Li-dong;LIU Zhong-zhuo;QUAN Ge;JI Wei-wei;LIU Lin-lin;ZHANG Jing(Liaoning Saline-alkali Land Utilization and Research Institute,Panjin Liaoning 124010,China;Liaoning Province Modern Agricultural Production Base Construction Engineering Center,Shenyang 110000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省盐碱地利用研究所,辽宁盘锦124010 [2]辽宁省现代农业生产基地建设工程中心,沈阳110000

出　　处：《北方水稻》2021年第6期14-18,共5页North Rice

基　　金：辽宁半干旱半湿润区雨养玉米、灌溉粳稻规模机械化丰产增效技术集成与示范(2018YFD0300300),辽宁春玉米粳稻密植抗逆丰产增效关键技术研究与示范(2017YFD0300710-A03)。

摘　　要：为探讨有机复合生物肥与速效肥配施在水稻上的应用效果,提高化肥利用率,通过常规施肥(CK1)、有机复合生物肥(CK2)、有机复合生物肥与速效肥配施(A)的大区对比试验,研究处理A对水稻产量及其构成、叶面积指数、光合速率、干物质积累、土壤养分含量的影响。结果表明,有机复合生物肥与速效肥配施,在减氮25%、减磷钾10%的条件下,较处理CK1、CK2分别增产了0.8%、36.9%,单位面积收获穗数与结实率的稳定、穗成粒数与千粒重的增加使其在获得了较多颖花量的同时取得了较高的产量。与处理CK1相比,处理A齐穗期高效叶面积率提高了5.1个百分点,剑叶叶绿素含量与光合速率分别增加3.5%、3.1%。可见,适量施入有机复合生物肥,并与速效肥配施可促进土壤肥力逐步进入良性循环的轨道,确保在减少化肥投入的条件下稳定水稻产量。In order to explore the application effect of combined application of organic compound biological fertilizer and readily available fertilizer on rice and improve fertilizer use efficiency,a large-scale comparative experiment of conventional fertilization(CK1),organic compound biological fertilizer(CK2),combinate organic compound biological fertilizer and readily available fertilizer(A)was conducted to study the effects of treatment A on yield and its composition,leaf area index,photosynthesis,dry matter accumulation,soil nutrient.The results showed that the yield of combined application of organic compound biological fertilizer and available fertilizer increased by 0.8%and 36.9%respectively than that of CK1 and CK2 under reducing nitrogen by 25%and phosphorus and potassium by 10%.The stable of harvested panicles per unit area and seed setting rate,and the increase of grain number per panicle and 1000-grain weight resulted in a higher yield with more spikelets.Compared with CK1,the high efficient leaf area ratio of treatment A at full heading stage increased by 5.1%,chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate of flag leaf increased by 3.5%and 3.1%,respectively.Appropriate application of organic compound biological fertilizer combined with readily available fertilizer can promote soil fertility to enter the track of benign cycle and ensure stable rice yield under the condition of reducing chemical fertilizer input.

关 键 词：水稻 有机复合生物肥 速效肥 产量 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S511.062[农业科学—作物学]