“凝视”中国:旅游人类学研究本土化的面向  

“Gazing”on China:A Study of the Localization of the Research on the Anthropology of Tourism

作　　者：杨丽娟[1] 赖斌 YANG Lijuan;LAI Bin(School of History,Culture and Tourism,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu,610066,China;School of Geographical Science and Tourism,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学历史文化和旅游学院,四川成都610066 [2]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《云南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第1期85-94,共10页Journal of Yunnan Normal University：Humanities and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金西部项目“旅游文化的认识建构与经验研究”(21XMZ024)。

摘　　要：作为旅游人类学的一个核心理论“凝视”,文章尝试将其作为学术的一种“观看之道”,对旅游人类学研究的本土化进行考量。在分析了本土化现状和成果后,指出现阶段本土化不足的表现:理论命题探讨视角的内卷、旅游关系结构三体系统研究的粗浅、中国文化特色分析的缺场和学术研究组成的单一。导致这些问题产生的原因主要是学界的“惯性凝视”。借助“凝视”是流动的、多维的、互视的和发展的特点,提出本土化不足的解决对策:第一,向现实看:面向旅游产业发展实际的理论命题的拓展与深入;第二,向内部看:面向旅游关系结构三体系统的精细探讨;第三,向文化看:面向中国文化特色的话语体系的实践;第四,向跨学科看:面向学科合作的知识创新;第五,向世界看:面向世界的案例交流与知识输出。“Gaze”is a core theory of the anthropology of tourism.This paper attempts to take it as an academic“way of viewing”to study the localization of the research on the anthropology of tourism.After analyzing the current situation and achievements of localization,the paper points out the following weaknesses at the current stage:the involution of the perspective of theoretical propositions,the superficial study of the three-object system in the relational structure of tourism,the deficiency of Chinese cultural characteristics and the single composition of the academic group.The main cause for these problems is the“habitual gaze”of the academic group.Based on the fact that“gaze”is mobile,multidimensional,mutual and developing,this paper puts forward the countermeasures to solve the problems of localization.Firstly,the scholars involved should focus on the reality of tourism industry to expand and deepen the theoretical propositions.Secondly,the scholars involved should examine delicately the three-object system in the relational structure of tourism.Thirdly,the scholars involved should do research on the application of the discourse system with the cultural characteristics of China.Fourthly,the scholars involved should implement interdisciplinary cooperation to acquire innovative knowledge.Fifthly,the scholars involved should communicate with the world to exchange the world-oriented cases and impart the relevant knowledge.

关 键 词：“凝视”中国 旅游人类学 本土化 旅游发展 

分 类 号：Q98[生物学—人类学]