Integrative approaches for species delimitation in Ascomycota  

作　　者：Sajeewa S.N.Maharachchikumbura Yanpeng Chen Hiran A.Ariyawansa Kevin D.Hyde Danny Haelewaters Rekhani H.Perera Milan C.Samarakoon Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Danilo E.Bustamante Jian-Kui Liu Daniel P.Lawrence Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon Marc Stadler 

机构地区：[1]School of Life Science and Technology,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,People’s Republic of China [2]Entomology and Plant Pathology Department,Faculty of Agriculture,Chiang Mai University,Chiang Mai,Thailand [3]Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology,College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture,National Taiwan University,Taipei City 10617,Taiwan [4]Center of Excellence in Fungal Research,Mae Fah Luang University,Chiang Rai 57100,Thailand [5]Research Group Mycology,Department of Biology,Ghent University,9000 Ghent,Belgium [6]Faculty of Science,University of South Bohemia,37005 Ceske Budejovice,Czech Republic [7]Center for Mountain Futures,Kunming Institute of Botany,Honghe County 654400,Yunnan,People’s Republic of China [8]Instituto de Investigación Para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva(INDES-CES),Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza,Chachapoyas,Amazonas,Peru [9]Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering(FICIAM),Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza,Chachapoyas,Amazonas,Peru [10]Department of Plant Pathology,University of California,Davis,Davis,CA,USA [11]Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH,Department Microbial Drugs and German Centre for Infection Research(DZIF),Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig,38124 Braunschweig,Germany [12]Institute of Microbiology,Technische Universität Braunschweig,Inhoffenstraße 7,38124 Braunschweig,Germany

出　　处：《Fungal Diversity》2021年第4期155-179,共25页真菌多样性（英文）

基　　金：Danny Haelewaters is supported by the Research Foundation-Flanders(junior postdoctoral fellowship 1206620N);Dhanushka Wanasinghe thanks the CAS President’s International Fellowship Initiative(PIFI)for funding his postdoctoral research(number 2021FYB0005);the Postdoctoral Fund from Human Resources and Social Security Bureau of Yunnan Province.

摘　　要：Biodiversity loss from disturbances caused by human activities means that species are disappearing at an ever increasing rate.The high number of species that have yet to be described have generated extreme crisis to the taxonomist.Therefore,more than in any other era,effective ways to discover and delimitate species are needed.This paper reviews the historically fore-most approaches used to delimit species in Ascomycota,the most speciose phylum of Fungi.These include morphological,biological,and phylogenetic species concepts.We argue that a single property to delineate species boundaries has various defects and each species concept comes with its own advantages and disadvantages.Recently the rate of species discovery has increased because of the advancement of phylogenetic approaches.However,traditional phylogenetic methods with few gene regions lack species-level resolution,and do not allow unambiguous conclusions.We detail the processes that affect gene tree heterogeneity,which acts as barriers to delimiting species boundaries in classical low-rank phylogenies.So far,limited insights were given to the DNA-based methodologies to establish well-supported boundaries among fungal species.In addition to reviewing concepts and methodologies used to delimit species,we present a case study.We applied differ-ent species delimitation methods to understand species boundaries in the plant pathogenic and cryptic genus Phyllosticta(Dothideomycetes,Botryosphaeriales).Several DNA-based methods over-split the taxa while in some methods several taxa fall into a single species.These problems can be resolved by using multiple loci and coalescence-based methods.Further,we discuss integrative approaches that are crucial for understanding species boundaries within Ascomycota and provide several examples for ideal and pragmatic approaches of species delimitation.

关 键 词：ASCOMYCETES PHYLOGENETICS Species concept SYSTEMATICS 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]