MBR技术在农村生活污水处理中的研究进展  

Research progress of MBR in rural domestic wastewater treatment

作　　者：何志琴 陈盛 李云 HE Zhiqin;CHEN Sheng;LI Yun(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;Technical Centre for Soil,Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment,Ministry of Ecology and Environment)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院 [2]生态环境部土壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2022年第1期137-144,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1100201)。

摘　　要：农村生活污水由于进水水质水量波动较大,较难选择合适的处理工艺,另外,部分缺水地区由于农村居民习惯生活污水被多次反复利用,导致农村生活污水中有机污染物浓度较城市生活污水偏高。膜生物反应器(MBR)由于具有占地面积小、生化处理效率高和出水水质好等优点,在污水处理领域有着广泛的应用。从MBR技术在国内农村生活污水和国外分散生活污水的应用现状、膜污染控制及能耗优化3个方面进行了综述。针对膜污染控制问题,建议从加强电场辅助控制膜污染,采用无机纳米材料对膜进行亲水改性和对污染机理深入探索等几个方面开展研究;针对节能降耗问题,建议从控制曝气入手,优化整体能耗,降低运行成本,从而促进MBR技术在农村地区的推广应用。Due to the large fluctuation of the influent quality and quantity of rural domestic wastewater,it is not easy to choose the appropriate treatment technology.In addition,due to the rural residents’habit of repeatedly using domestic wastewater in some areas of water shortage,the concentration of organic pollutants in rural domestic wastewater is higher than that in urban wastewater.Membrane bioreactor(MBR)has been widely used in the field of wastewater treatment because of its small footprint,high biochemical efficiency and good effluent quality.The application status of MBR technology in rural domestic wastewater at home and small-scale domestic wastewater at abroad,the membrane pollution control and the energy consumption optimization were reviewed.Aiming at the problem of membrane fouling control,it was suggested to conduct in-depth research from several aspects,such as strengthening electric field assistance in MBR pollution control,hydrophilic modification of membrane with inorganic nano materials and in-depth exploration of pollution mechanism.In view of the problem of energy saving and consumption reduction,it was suggested to control the aeration to optimize the overall energy consumption and reduce the operation cost,so as to promote the dissemination and application of MBR in rural areas.

关 键 词：农村生活污水 MBR 膜污染机理 膜改性 能耗优化 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]