河流铊污染应急处置方法探究与应用  

Exploration and application of emergency treatment methods for thallium pollution in rivers

作　　者：王盼新 吴昌永[1,2] 胡映明 付丽亚[1,2] 宋玉栋[1,2] 席宏波[1,2] 于茵[1,2] 赵檬 WANG Panxin;WU Changyong;HU Yingming;FU Liya;SONG Yudong;XI Hongbo;YU Yin;ZHAO Meng(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Engineering Technology,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences;College of Urban and Environmental Science,Northwest University)

机构地区：[1]环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,中国环境科学研究院 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境污染控制工程技术研究中心 [3]西北大学城市与环境学院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2022年第1期308-313,共6页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFE0201500);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(2020YSKY-022)。

摘　　要：面对频发的铊污染事件,开发实用高效的应急除铊方法是防范生态环境风险和保障饮水安全的迫切需求。以某河流铊浓度异常事件为例,对比分析了直接混凝、氧化+混凝、氧化+吸附及硫化物沉淀法4种方法在铊污染应急处置中的效果和可行性。结果表明:硫化物沉淀法可将超标5倍左右的铊浓度降低到0.1μg/L以下,达到GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》中集中式生活饮用水地表水源地铊浓度限值要求,通过投加NaOH维持河水pH为8~9,可有效减少H_(2)S气体的产生。该方法成功应用于事件河流铊浓度异常的应急处置中,并取得了良好的效果。In recent years,thallium pollution incidents have occurred frequently,and the development of a practical and efficient emergency method for thallium removal has become an urgent need to improve eco-environment risk prevention and ensure drinking water safety.Taking an abnormal incidence of thallium concentration in a river as an example,the effectiveness and feasibility of four methods,including direct coagulation,oxidation+coagulation,oxidation+adsorption and sulfide precipitation,in the emergency treatment of thallium pollution were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the sulfide precipitation method could reduce the thallium concentration from about 5 times above the standard to less than 0.1μg/L,meeting the limit requirement of thallium in the surface water source of centralized domestic drinking water in Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water(GB 3838-2002).Maintaining pH in the river in the range of 8-9 through adding sodium hydroxide could effectively reduce the production of H_(2)S.This method was successfully applied to the emergency treatment of the abnormal thallium concentration incident and achieved good effects.

关 键 词：铊污染 应急处置 硫化物沉淀法 重金属 氧化 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]