南疆果园套种食用菌对土壤理化性状及微生物量的影响  

Effects of interplanting edible mushroom on orchards soil physicochemical properties and microbial biomass in southern Xinjiang

作　　者：卫彩红 阿依夏木·古丽 王新建[1,2] 吴翠云[1] 张琦[1] 胡建伟[2] Wei Caihong;Ayshamu Guli;Wang Xinjian

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木大学食用菌研究所,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《食药用菌》2022年第1期62-66,77,共6页Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms

摘　　要：为探明林下套种食用菌对土壤的改良效果,分析比较在3种果树下种植鸡腿菇后,菌渣直接还田,对土壤的物理性状、养分含量及微生物数量的影响:(1)土壤物理性状方面,含水量从大到小依次为枣树>梨树>核桃树,孔隙度从大到小依次为枣树>梨树>核桃树,pH为核桃树>梨树>枣树,电导率为枣树>核桃树>梨树;(2)土壤养分方面,碱解氮含量从大到小依次为梨树>核桃树>枣树,速效磷含量为核桃数>枣树>梨树,速效钾含量为枣树>核桃树>梨树,有机质含量为枣树>梨树>核桃树;(3)土壤微生物方面,含细菌数量从大到小依次为梨树>枣树>核桃树,含放线菌数量为枣树>核桃树>梨树。得出在南疆果园套种鸡腿菇,对果园土壤改良作用从大到小依次为枣树>梨树>核桃树的结论。In order to explore the effect of interplanting edible mushroom under the fruit trees on orchards soil improvement in southern Xinjiang,physical properties,nutrient content and microbial biomass of orchards soil before and after interplanting Coprinus comatus and spent substrate returning directly to field were analyzed and compared.The results show that(1) orchards soil physical properties: the order of soil water content,porosity,pH value and electrical conductivity are jujube tree > pear tree > walnut tree,jujube tree > pear tree > walnut tree,walnut tree > pear tree > jujube tree and jujube tree > walnut tree > pear tree respectively.(2) nutrient contents in orchards soil: the order of the content of alkali-hydrolytic nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and organic matter are pear tree >walnut tree > jujube tree,walnut tree > jujube tree > pear tree,jujube tree > walnut tree > pear tree,and jujube tree >pear tree > walnut tree respectively.(3) microorganisms biomass in orchards soil: bacteria,actinomycetes are pear tree >jujube tree > walnut tree,jujube tree > walnut tree > pear tree respectively.Comprehensive analysis and comparison of soil physical properties,nutrient content and microbial biomass of three kinds of fruit trees orchards soil after interplanting Coprinus comatus in southern Xinjiang,it was concluded that the most suitable fruit orchards for interplanting Coprinus comatus in southern Xinjiang is jujube tree,followed by pear tree and walnut tree.

关 键 词：果树 鸡腿菇 套种 土壤 理化性状 养分含量 微生物数量 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]