生物炭与秸秆配施对设施土壤有机碳矿化及理化性质的影响  

Effects of proportioning fertilization combined between biochar and straw on soil organic carbon mineralization and physicochemical properties of greenhouse soil

作　　者：郭丽欣 王越 杜雨婷 梁琼[1] 石生伟 刘杰[1] 贾月慧[1] 刘云[1] GUO Lixin;WANG Yue;DU Yuting;LIANG Qiong;SHI Shengwei;LIU Jie;JIA Yuehui;LIU Yun(College of Bioscience and Resource Environment/Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京农学院生物与资源环境学院/农业农村部华北都市农业重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《北京农学院学报》2022年第1期43-50,共8页Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(8192007);北京市教委科研计划项目(KM201710020008,KM201810020004)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同温度制备生物炭与秸秆配施对设施菜地土壤有机碳矿化特征及土壤理化性质的影响。【方法】以北京郊区设施菜地土壤为研究对象,进行室内矿化培养试验。【结果】生物炭与秸秆配施显著提高土壤有机碳矿化速率和累积矿化量,而单施生物炭对两者影响较小。添加300℃生物炭处理的土壤有机碳累积矿化量比添加600℃生物炭的处理高2.6%~17.6%,土壤有机碳累积矿化量随着秸秆添加量的增加而增大。生物炭的添加降低土壤有机碳的相对矿化潜力,额外添加等量秸秆也未能完全抵消生物炭对土壤有机碳相对矿化潜力的抑制作用。单施生物炭和生物炭与秸秆配施均显著提高土壤pH值和电导率。与单施生物炭相比,生物炭与秸秆配施对土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷含量的提升效果更为显著。【结论】施用生物炭对提高设施土壤有机质含量和碳库稳定性、促进固碳减排具有重要意义。而生物炭与秸秆配施不仅能够发挥生物炭的固碳功能,也能够提供更多的有效养分,更有利于改善设施土壤质量和促进土壤养分平衡。【Objective】 The research was aimed to explore the effects of proportioning fertilization combined between straw and biochar produced under different temperature conditions on soil organic carbon mineralization and physicochemical properties of greenhouse soil. 【Methods】 The mineralization culture experiment in laboratory was conducted based on greenhouse soil in the suburbs of Beijing. 【Results】 Proportioning fertilization combined between biochar and straw significantly increased mineralization rate and cumulative mineralization amount of soil organic carbon, while single biochar application had less effect on both of them. The cumulative mineralization amount of soil organic carbon under the condition of biochar at 300 ℃ added into soil was 2.6%-17.6% higher than those at 600 ℃, and increased with increase straw addition. Biochar added into soil might reduce the relative mineralization potential of soil organic carbon. The addition of the same amount of straw could not completely offset the inhibitory effect of biochar on the relative mineralization potential of soil organic carbon. Both of single biochar, proportioning of biochar and straw added into soil could significantly increase soil pH and electrical conductivity. Compared with single biochar addition, proportioning fertilization combined between of biochar and straw had more significant effects on increasing the contents of soil organic matter and available N and P. 【Conclusion】 There is great importance to improve soil organic matter content and stability of soil carbon pool, thereby promoting carbon sequestration and emission reduction in greenhouse soil by added biochar. Meanwhile, proportioning fertilization combined between biochar and straw could not only perform the carbon sequestration function of biochar, but also provide more available nutrients to the soil, and thus it is more beneficial for improving soil quality and promoting soil nutrient balance in the greenhouse.

关 键 词：生物炭 秸秆 有机碳矿化 有效养分 设施土壤 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]