重瓣大花萱草杂交亲和性及F_(1)表型性状分析  

The cross-compatibility of double-petaled Hemerocallis middendorfii and the phenotypic traits analysis of F_(1) generation

作　　者：张贺蕾 陈芬[1] 马丽 刘博[1] ZHANG Helei;CHEN Fen;MA Li;LIU Bo(Suqian Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Suqian 223800,China;College of Marine Technology and Environment,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所,江苏宿迁223800 [2]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2021年第6期103-113,共11页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(19)3046]。

摘　　要：【目的】研究重瓣萱草杂交的亲和性,提高其杂交结实率,培育更多的重瓣大花萱草品种。【方法】以萱草品种酒红341、宝贝的眼睛、蕾丝方巾为试验材料,采用液体培养的方法对其花粉萌发率进行测定,并用联苯胺-过氧化氢法测定柱头可授性。在此基础上以酒红341、宝贝的眼睛作母本,蕾丝方巾作父本,及以蕾丝方巾作母本,酒红341、宝贝的眼睛作父本,配制4组杂交组合,观测F_(1)形态特征,并进行聚类分析。【结果】花粉活力最高的是酒红341,平均萌发率为39.2%;最低的是蕾丝方巾,平均萌发率为11.3%。柱头可授性测定结果表明,3个试验材料均在开花当天9:00具有最强的柱头可授性,持续时间最强的是宝贝的眼睛,杂交组合中坐果率最高的组合是宝贝的眼睛×蕾丝方巾,当蕾丝方巾作为母本时坐果率为0。通过聚类分析将F_(1)群体分为两大类型,第Ⅰ类共7份材料,其特点为花型均为杯型,花眼均为绿色,外花被片均无斑、有花肋且颜色为白色;第Ⅱ类共10份材料,与母本宝贝的眼睛表型性状类似,其特点为叶片偏长,花型均为喇叭型,外花被片均有边缘波皱、花肋颜色均为黄色。【结论】F_(1)群体表型性状呈现多样性,观赏价值较高,符合花境和园林景观造景需求,适合在江苏省宿迁地区栽植;酒红341、宝贝的眼睛、蕾丝方巾均是较好的亲本材料。【Objective】To better understand the cross-compatibility of double-petaled Hemerocallis and provide a reference and basis for breeding of more double-petaled Hemerocallis middendorfii varieties.【Methods】The pollen germination rate was measured for the Hemerocallis varieties Burgundy 341,Baby′s Eyes and Lacy Doily grown in liquid culture.The benzidine-hydrogen peroxide method was used to determine the stigma acceptability.Using Burgundy 341 and Baby′s Eyes as the female parents,Lacy Doily as the male parent,and Lacy Doily as the female parent,Burgundy 341 and Baby′s Eyes as the male parent,four sets of cross combinations were prepared.F_(1) generation′s morphological traits were noted,and cluster analysis was performed.【Results】Burgundy 341,with an average germination rate of 39.2%,had the highest pollen activity,while Lacy Doily had the lowest,with an average germination rate of 11.3%.All the three varieties had the highest stigma acceptability at 9:00 on the flowering day,the longest duration is Baby′s Eyes,according to the stigma acceptability test.For the crossing sets,Baby′s Eyes×Lacy Doily had the highest fruit setting rate.When Lacy Doily is used as female parent,the fruit setting rate was 0.The F_(1) generation population was divided into two groups using cluster analysis.Seven materials in classⅠwith cup-shaped flowers with green eyes that were spotless on the outer perianth segments and ribbed white on the side.Ten materials in classⅡthat resembled the female parent Baby′s Eyes,which had long leaves,horn-shaped flowers,wrinkled perianth segment edges,and yellow on the side.【Conclusion】The phenotypic traits of the F_(1) generation population exhibited good diversity and high ornamental value,making them suitable for garden landscaping and planting in Suqian of Jiangsu Province.Burgundy 341,Baby′s Eyes and Lacy Doily are all ideal parent materials.

关 键 词：萱草 杂交亲和性 花粉活力 柱头可授性 表型性状 

分 类 号：S682.19[农业科学—观赏园艺]