内蒙古草地生态系统质量评估  

Assessment of grassland ecosystem quality in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：石磊 孙海莲 王慧敏 谢宇 王洋 常虹 刘亚红 维拉 邱晓 SHI Lei;SUN Hailian;WANG Huimin;XIE Yu;WANG Yang;CHANG Hong;LIU Yahong;WEI La;QIU Xiao(Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences/Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center of Ecological Grass Industry Sustainable Development,Hohhot 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院/生态草业可持续发展内蒙古自治区工程研究中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《北方农业学报》2021年第6期128-134,共7页Journal of Northern Agriculture

基　　金：内蒙古自治区关键技术攻关项目(2019GG012,2019GG351);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0503402-06)。

摘　　要：【目的】评估内蒙古草地生态系统质量变化情况,全面掌握草原保护措施实施效果。【方法】依据2000年、2010年、2015年的遥感数据,综合应用地理信息系统和模型计算方法,对内蒙古草地面积及分布、生态系统质量、生态系统服务能力进行分析。【结果】内蒙古从东部到西部均有草地分布;2000—2015年草地面积减少了1181.99 km^(2);草地植被覆盖度由42.52%提高至46.50%;草地植被净初级生产力(NPP)从147.45 g C/m^(2)增加到169.73 g C/m^(2);草地载畜能力明显提升,载畜能力大于100羊单位/km^(2)的面积增加了52507.75 km^(2)。【结论】2000—2015年内蒙古草地生态系统质量有一定程度的提升,促进了草地生态系统服务能力的提高,说明实施的草原保护政策与工程对内蒙古草地生态起到了有效的保护作用。【Objective】Assess the changes in grassland ecosystem quality in Inner Mongolia and understand the effect of grassland protection measures.【Methods】The grassland acreage and distribution,ecosystem quality,and ecosystem service capacity in Inner Mongolia were investigated using geographic information system and model calculation methods based on remote sensing data from 2000,2010 and 2015.【Results】Grassland distributed from the east to the west in Inner Mongolia.The grassland area decreased by 1181.99 km^(2) from 2000 to 2015,the grassland vegetation coverage increased from 42.52%to 46.50%.Grassland vegetation net primary productivity(NPP)increased from 147.45 g C/m^(2) to 169.73 g C/m^(2).Grassland stocking capacity increased significantly,and the area with stocking capacity greater than 100 sheep unit/km^(2) increased by 52507.75 km^(2).【Conclusion】From 2000 to 2015,the quality of Inner Mongolia′s grassland ecosystem improved to some extent,which promoted the improvement of grassland ecosystem service capacity,indicating that the grassland protection policies and projects had played an effective role in the protection of grassland ecology in Inner Mongolia.

关 键 词：内蒙古 草地 植被覆盖度 净初级生产力 载畜能力 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]