明清武术的佛教谱系探——以少林武僧守护神那罗延与太极拳懒扎衣关系的音似、身像和认同考为个案  

A Probe into the Buddhism Pedigree of Wushu in Ming and Qing Dynasties--A case study of the sound likeness,figure and identification of the relationship between Narayan,the patron saint of Shaolin monks,and Taijiquan Lan Zhayi

作　　者：蒋德龙[1] 蒋愿望 刘丽萍[1] JIANG Delong;JIANG Yuanwang;LIU Liping(School of P.E.,Hengyang Normal University,Hengyang421007,China;Department of Management,ORDOS Institute of Technology,ORDOS017000,China)

机构地区：[1]衡阳师范学院体育学院,衡阳421007 [2]鄂尔多斯应用技术学院管理系,鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《体育与科学》2022年第1期28-39,共12页Sports & Science

摘　　要：文章主要以语言学、武术人类学、历史学方法,考证了少林武僧守护神那罗延与太极拳懒扎衣的原始关系:将梵语Narayana汉译——那罗延的音变、塑像动作、旨归与太极拳懒扎衣的读音、经典拳照、目的进行了比对,深入分析了明朝少林武僧信仰的守护神那罗延、抗倭的临战仪式以及太极百日功盘架,结合新时代阐述了太极拳的发展趋势。第一,太极拳的懒扎衣就是少林武僧守护神那罗延:懒扎衣是那罗延的音变——音似;懒扎衣动作模仿那罗延——身像。第二,上身是太极拳懒扎衣最初目的:那罗延临战仪式中上身,懒扎衣训练百日功入象。第三,少林武僧信仰那罗延神,因战功取得“天下武艺莫不让少林”的荣誉,致使明朝多部兵书以及民间拳谱和多篇诗歌中记载、认同了懒扎衣。第四,太极拳懒扎衣不仅是一种技法更是一种心法,蕴含着深厚的历史文化基因——禅武合一而神应故妙:新时代太极拳因恒常而入神,应刹那而万用。The article mainly uses the methods of linguistics and martial arts anthropology to investigate the original relationship between Narayan,the guardian of Shaolin martial monks,and Tai Chi Lan Zhayi:Translating Sanskrit Naraya into Chinese-Narayan’s voice changes,statue movements,and motives Comparing the pronunciation,classic photos,and purpose of Tai Chi Lan Zhayi,it deeply analyzes Narayanna,the patron saint of Shaolin monks in the Ming Dynasty,the battle rituals of resisting Japanese and Tai Chi hundred days.The conclusion is that,first,the Lan Zhayi of Taijiquan is Narayan,the patron saint of Shaolin monks:Lan Zhayi is the sound of Narayan-sounds like;the movement of lazy tie imitates Narayan-the body is wonderful.Second,the upper body is the original purpose of Tai Chi Lan Zhayi:Narayan’s upper body during the battle ceremony;Lan Zhayi trains a hundred days of merit.Third,Shaolin monks believe in the god Narayan.Because of their military exploits,they have won the honor of“the world martial arts must not let Shaolin”,which led to the records and approval of lazy zhayi in many military books,folk boxing books and many poems in the Ming Dynasty.Fourth,Taijiquan is not only a technique but also a mental technique.It contains profound historical and cultural genes-the combination of Zen and martial arts,and Miraculous reaction:the new era of Taijiquan is enthralled by constancy;it should be an instant.And universal.

关 键 词：那罗延 懒扎衣 音似 身像 认同 禅武合一 武术 

分 类 号：G852.11[文化科学—民族体育]