太极拳套路分类交流探析--以交流比赛史为立足点  

Analysis on the Classified Communication of Taijiquan Routine--Based on the History of Exchange Competition

作　　者：杨建英[1] 冯香红 徐亚奎[2] 杨建营 YANG Jianying;FENG Xianghong;XU Yakui;YANG Jianying(School of Public Education,Zhejiang Institute of Economics and Trade,Hangzhou 310023,China;School of Physical Education and Health,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China;Academic Affairs Office,Zibo Vocational Institute,Zibo 255314,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江经贸职业技术学院公共教育学院,杭州310018 [2]华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海200241 [3]淄博职业学院教务处,淄博255314

出　　处：《体育与科学》2022年第1期82-92,共11页Sports & Science

基　　金：省属高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助,项目号:21YQ16;国家社会科学基金项目“太极类运动文化传承体系研究”,项目号:14CTY027。

摘　　要：为解决普通大众在太极拳健身过程中技术标准不清晰问题,主要以太极拳的交流比赛史为立足点,重点剖析了太极拳技术的发展变化,特别是受竞赛规则引领而导致的技术转型,最终得出如下结论:(1)太极拳套路已分化成攻防技击型、健身养生型、艺术表现型3种类型,三者分别具有不同的技术标准;(2)在技艺交流过程中不应采用统一的规则,而应该建立分类交流的模式;(3)对3种类型的太极拳套路应分别按照“定势工整、动作流畅、攻防明确”“定势工整、动作流畅、利于健身”以及现行武术套路竞赛规则规定的技术要求这3个标准进行评判。该研究的意义在于为具有不同习练目的的太极拳练习者确立不同的技术标准,可避免因标准混淆、张冠李戴而造成的问题。In order to solve the problems that general public is not clear to the technical standards in the process of fitness through taijiquan,the paper mainly took the taijiquan exchange and competition history as foothold to analyze the changes of taijiquan,above all the technical transformation guided by the rules of the contest.The conclusions are as followed:Taijiquan routines have differentiated into three types such as offensive-defensive type,fitness regimen type,art performance type which respectively have different technical standards.In the process of technical exchange,we should not adopt a unified rule,but a mode of classified exchange should be established.The three types of Taijiquan routines should be evaluated according to such three technical standards as“neat set,smooth movement,clear attack and defense”“neat set,smooth movement,good for fitness”and the stipulated by the current martial arts routines competition rules.The significance of this study lies in that different technical standards have been established for Taijiquan practitioners with different training purposes,so as to avoid the problems caused by confusion of standards or misattribution.

关 键 词：太极拳套路 交流 竞赛 分类 技术标准 

分 类 号：G852.11[文化科学—民族体育]