基于Biolog-ECO分析稀土、铅和氟复合污染农田土壤微生物群落功能多样性  

Analysis of microbial community functional diversity in rare earth element,lead and fluorine compound-polluted soil based on Biolog-ECO

作　　者：王雪梅 黄利群[1] 刘成 李佳芮 胡金朝 刘国 WANG Xuemei;HUANG Liqun;LIU Cheng;LI Jiarui;HU Jinzhao;LIU Guo(College of Resources and Environment,Xichang University,Xichang 615013,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil&Water Pollution,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]西昌学院资源与环境学院,西昌615013 [2]成都理工大学国家环境保护水土污染协同控制与联合修复重点实验室,成都610059

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2021年第6期1485-1491,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41967033);国家环境保护水土污染协同控制与联合修复重点实验室开放基金(GHBK-002);四川省科技厅项目(19YYJC2826)资助。

摘　　要：为考察四川省牦牛坪稀土矿区稀土、铅和氟复合污染对农田微生物群落功能多样性的影响,采用Biolog-ECO法分析稀土矿区高污染区(H区)和低污染区(L区)农田土壤根际与非根际微生物群落功能多样性特征及其与土壤理化性质的相关关系.结果显示,不同污染区土壤微生物对31种碳源的利用能力存在显著性差异(P <0.05),H区的非根际土壤微生物利用能力、多样性指数均最低,其AWCDi≥0.8的碳源仅1种,而根际土壤有27种,占总碳源的87.1%,植物生长显著促进根际细菌活性;而L区土壤根际与非根际微生物差异显著的碳源仅5种(P <0.05).冗余分析(Redundancy Analysis,RDA)表明在非根际条件下稀土元素(REE)、铅、氟、碳氮比(C/N)与AWCD、Shannon指数等多样性指数呈负相关,其中REE贡献了87.4%的微生物群落特征解释率,是微生物群落变化的主要驱动因子.根际条件下4个环境因子仅解释了48%的特征值,说明植物的参与改变了污染物对微生物群落的影响.因此在高浓度稀土、铅和氟污染农田土壤采用植物和微生物联合修复措施效果较好,而在低浓度污染土壤植物生长对细菌的促进效果不显著,应考虑采用其他修复措施.In order to explore the impact of the pollution associated with rare earth elements(REEs), lead, and fluorine compounds on soil microbial communities, the functional diversity of microbial community in soil was investigated using the Biolog-ECO system, on samples collected from farmland in high pollution(zone H) and low pollution areas(zone L) of the Maoniuping rare earth mining area, Sichuan Province. The results showed significant differences in the utilization ability of 31 carbon sources among the microorganisms from differently contaminated soils(P < 0.05). The lowest utilization capacity and diversity index of non-rhizosphere soil microorganisms were found in zone H. There was only 1 carbon source(AWCDi ≥ 0.8) in the non-rhizosphere soil, and 27 species in the rhizosphere soil, accounting for 87.1% of the total carbon sources, indicating that plant growth significantly promoted the activity of rhizosphere bacteria. However, there were only five carbon sources with significant differences between the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere in zone L(P < 0.05). The Redundancy Analysis(RDA) results showed that the rare earth complex pollution and C/N were all significantly negatively correlated with the average well color development(AWCD), Shannon–Wiener index, and other diversity indices in non-rhizosphere soil. REEs contributed 87.4% of the interpretation rate of microbial community characteristics, which was the main driver of microbial community change. Only 48% of the characteristic values were explained by the four environmental factors under the rhizosphere conditions, indicating that the participation of plants changed the impact of pollutants on microbial community. It can be concluded that a combination of phytoremediation and microbial remediation can be used to alleviate soil pollution caused by high concentrations of rare earth, lead, and fluorine compounds. However, for low concentrations of pollution,other remediation measures should be considered instead.

关 键 词：Biolog-ECO 稀土污染 复合污染 土壤微生物 群落功能多样性 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]