温带云冷杉针阔混交林土壤养分的空间分布特征及影响因素  

Spatial distribution characteristics and influence factors of soil nutrients in temperate mixed spruce-fir coniferous and broadleaf forests

作　　者：邹佳何 王海燕 张美娜 徐浩然 耿琦 高霞 ZOU Jiahe;WANG Haiyan;ZHANG Meina;XU Haoran;GENG Qi;GAO Xia(Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education,College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Wangqing Forestry Bureau of Jilin Province,Wangqing 133200,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,森林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]吉林省汪清林业局,汪清133200

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2021年第6期1554-1562,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFC0504002)。

摘　　要：以吉林汪清天然云冷杉针阔混交林为研究对象,基于未采伐和采伐强度为21.21%的2块1 hm;样地,测定土壤养分及相关指标,进行描述性统计分析和地统计学分析,探究其土壤养分空间分布规律,分析采伐和土壤深度对土壤养分的影响.结果显示:从变异系数看,土壤pH为弱度变异,土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、有效磷和速效钾均为中度变异(10.84%-89.06%).半方差函数能较好地反映采伐样地土壤全磷和全钾的空间变化规律(R^(2)=0.944-0.999),未采伐样地全氮和有效磷则拟合效果较差(R^(2)=0.001-0.109).采伐样地的土壤养分拟合模型的决定系数高于未采伐样地.总体上,采伐样地的土壤pH值、有机质、全氮、全磷和有效磷含量自北向南逐渐升高,而未采伐样地则自北向南逐渐减少.土壤养分及相关指标均随土壤深度的增加而显著减少;采伐与未采伐样地的土壤pH值、全氮、全磷、全钾和有效磷均值呈极显著差异.林分密度与土壤养分的相关性比郁闭度更高.本研究表明温带天然云冷杉针阔混交林的土壤养分及相关指标表现出多为结构因素引起中、弱度变异,呈较规律的条带状和斑块状分布,受人为因素影响较大的土壤养分呈破碎化空间分布.Natural mixed spruce-fir coniferous and broadleaf forest stands of 1 hm2, with thinning(21.21%) and non-thinning(0.00%) in Wangqing, Jilin Province, China were selected to determine soil nutrients and related indicators. Descriptive statistical and geostatistical analyses were performed to examine the spatial distribution of soil nutrients. A paired-samples t-test was used to determine whether the thinning intensity and soil depth had significant effects on soil nutrients, and the effects of stand density and canopy density on soil nutrients and related indicators were obtained using a correlation analysis. Soil pH showed a weak variation, and soil organic matter, total N, total P, available P, and readily available K showed a medium variation, with coefficients of variation(CV) ranging from 10.84% to 89.06%. The semivariogram analysis found the highest fitting degree of the models for soil total P and total K content in the thinning plot(R^(2)= 0.944–0.999), and found the lowest fitting degree of the models for soil total N and available P content in the non-thinning plot(R^(2)= 0.001–0.109).The determination coefficients of the fitting models for soil nutrients in the thinning plot were higher than those in the non-thinning plot. Soil pH, organic matter, total N, and available P in the thinning plot generally increased from north to south, but the opposite trend was observed for the non-thinning plot. Soil nutrients and related indicators significantly decreased with increasing soil depth. The mean soil pH, total N, total P, total K, and available P in the thinning and non-thinning plots were significantly different. The correlation between soil nutrients and stand density was higher than that with canopy density. The soil nutrients and related indicators of the temperate natural mixed spruce-fir coniferous and broadleaf forest were mostly moderate and weak variations affected by structural factors, with a regular distribution of strips and patches, while soil nutrients significantly affected by human facto

关 键 词：天然云冷杉针阔混交林 土壤养分 空间分布特征 空间变异 影响因素 

分 类 号：S714.8[农业科学—林学]