基于大型底栖无脊椎动物的鄱阳湖湿地水质评价  

Bioassessment of water quality in Poyang Lake wetland using benthic macroinvertebrate-based Margalef index

作　　者：游清徽[1,2] 王硕 孙晨松 简敏菲 丛明旸[5] 刘玲玲 刘丹丹 王一迪[1] 阳文静 YOU Qinghui;WANG Shuo;SUN Chensong;JIAN Minfei;CONG Mingyang;LIU Lingling;LIU Dandan;WANG Yidi;YANG Wenjing(College of Life Science,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China;Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research of Ministry of Education,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China;School of Geography and Environment,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China;Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Comprehensive Management and Resources Exploitation,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China;Physical and Chemical Testing Center,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学生命科学学院,南昌330022 [2]江西师范大学鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室,南昌330022 [3]江西师范大学地理与环境学院,南昌330022 [4]江西师范大学江西省鄱阳湖综合治理与资源开发重点实验室,南昌330022 [5]江西师范大学理化测试中心,南昌330022

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2021年第6期1570-1576,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41967055,41561097);江西省教育厅科学研究项目(GJJ170199,GJJ150334);鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(PK2019004)资助。

摘　　要：大型底栖无脊椎动物是良好的水质指示生物,但目前广泛采用评价方法的计算相对较复杂、对分类鉴定能力要求高,极大地限制了大型底栖无脊椎动物应用于水质的生物评价.基于鄱阳湖湿地30个采样点的大型底栖无脊椎动物群落数据,通过与大型底栖无脊椎动物完整性指数(benthic macroinvertebrate-based index of biotic integrity,B-IBI)的相关性分析及参照点、受损点间的判别能力分析,从8个候选指数中筛选出适合于鄱阳湖湿地水质的快速生物评价指数.结果显示:(1)Margalef指数与B-IBI指数的相关系数很高(r=0.90,P <0.001),且在参照点和受损点之间具有显著差异;(2)Margalef指数与反映鄱阳湖主要污染物的水质参数总磷、总氮、高锰酸钾指数均具有显著的相关性,r值分别为0.59(P <0.001)、0.45(P <0.01)和0.51(P <0.01);(3)Margalef指数评价结果显示鄱阳湖湿地总体上处于较差的状态,与基于理化参数的水质评价结果基本一致.本研究表明Margalef指数可作为鄱阳湖湿地水质的生物评价指数,能较好地反映水体的污染状况,可为鄱阳湖湿地的日常水质监测和评价提供重要方法.Benthic macroinvertebrates are commonly used as indicators of the biological condition of water bodies. They are reliable indicators because they spend all or most of their lives in water, are easy to collect,and differ in their pollution tolerance. Currently, the widely used methods for water quality bioassessment are computationally intensive and require a high level of macroinvertebrate identification skill, which largely limits the application of these methods in water quality bioassessment. In this study, we selected an easily implementable method that is suitable for water quality bioassessment in the Poyang Lake wetland using eight candidate methods. The Margalef index showed a high correlation with the benthic macroinvertebrate-based index of biotic integrity(B-IBI;r = 0.90, P < 0.001) and a high discriminatory ability between the reference and impaired sites. The overall water quality in the Poyang Lake wetland was assessed as poor by the Margalef index, which was consistent with the assessment using physicochemical parameters. The Margalef index was significantly correlated with water physio-chemical parameters(total nitrogen(r = 0.59, P < 0.001), total phosphorus(r = 0.45,P < 0.01), and chemical oxygen demand in manganese(r = 0.51, P < 0.01)), suggesting that this index reflects the concentrations of the main water pollutants in Poyang Lake. The Margalef index can be used as a powerful tool for rapid water quality bioassessment in the Poyang Lake wetland.

关 键 词：大型底栖无脊椎动物 Margalef指数 生物完整性指数 水质生物评价 鄱阳湖 湿地 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]