高等学校分类发展的内涵、困境与策略  

The Connotation,Difficulties and Strategies of Classified Development of Colleges and Universities

作　　者：尚航 Shang Hang(Basic Teaching Department,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin Liaoning 123000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁工程技术大学基础教学部,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《教育科学》2021年第6期78-85,共8页Education Science

基　　金：2019年度辽宁省教育厅人文社会科学研究青年项目“以生为本的大学生学业支持服务体系研究”(项目编号:LJ2019QW006)。

摘　　要：高等学校分类发展是一种以政府为主导,以高等学校为主体,动员社会力量和资源广泛参与,以实现不同类型、不同层次高等学校办学特色的发展思路或发展模式。目前,我国高等学校分类发展主要体现出政府行政管理失当、高等学校自我定位偏失和社会第三方力量参与程度及能力有限等问题,影响了高等教育系统的自我优化和高等教育有效治理的实现。为此,政府要转变职能,从“全能管理”向“有限管理”转变,尤其要在“简政”“放权”“信息服务”等方面做好工作;高等学校要明确办学目标,凸显以特色发展为导向的自我定位机制;第三方社会力量要发挥作用,实现社会资源的有效集成与合理配置,完善高等学校的分类发展体系。The classified development of colleges and universities is a kind of development idea or development mode that takes the government as the leading role,colleges and universities as the main body,mobilizes social forces and resources to participate widely,so as to realize the characteristics of different types and levels of colleges and universities.At present,the classified development of colleges and universities in China mainly reflects the problems of improper government administration,improper self positioning of colleges and universities,and limited participation and ability of the third party in society,which affect the self optimization of higher education system and the realization of effective governance of higher education.Therefore,the government should change its functions from"all-round management"to"limited management",and do a good job especially in"streamlining administration","decentralization"and"information service";colleges and universities should clarify the goals of running schools and highlight the selfpositioning mechanism oriented by characteristic development;and the third-party social forces should play a role to realize effective integration and rational allocation of social resources,and improve the classified development system of colleges and universities.

关 键 词：高等学校 分类发展 办学定位 院校治理 

分 类 号：G648[文化科学—高等教育学]