间作用大豆亲本的相关性、主成分及聚类分析  

Correlation Analysis,Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis in Parent Selection of Intercropping Soybean

作　　者：杜世坤 赵宝勰[1] 赵振宁[1] 高玉芳[1] 李雨阳[1] 陈彩霞[1] 强旭阳 Du Shikun;Zhao Baoxie;Zhao Zhenning;Gao Yufang;Li Yuyang;Chen Caixia;Qiang Xuyang(Baiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Baiyin,730900)

机构地区：[1]白银市农业科学研究所,白银730900

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2022年第1期266-275,共10页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：甘肃省重点研发计划项目(20YF8ND140);陇原青年创新创业人才项目(2021LQGR22);甘肃省科技重大专项计划(18ZD2NA008)共同资助。

摘　　要：针对间作用大豆选育需兼顾高产优质和短生育期、少分枝、株高适中耐遮荫等性状的特点,本研究对38个待选配大豆亲本的8个农艺性状及2个品质性状进行遗传分析,并利用变异系数、相关性、主成分、系统聚类等分析法对杂交亲本进行综合评价。结果表明,38个大豆亲本的性状差异较大,变异丰富,变异系数为7.52%~35.25%,其中,农艺性状以分枝数的变异系数最大,主茎节数的变异系数最小。通过农艺性状的相关性分析发现,产量和分枝数、百粒重之间,百粒重与株粒数之间存在负相关;蛋白质、脂肪含量与大部分性状都存在负相关。通过主成分分析发现,前5个主成分累计贡献率为85.24%,筛选出综合得分较高的12个亲本供选配。通过对产量及其构成农艺性状聚类分析发现,38个大豆杂交亲本可聚成四大类群,第Ⅱ类群各性状表现集中,株高低,可作为矮杆基因源选配,第Ⅲ、Ⅳ类群做亲本选配高产杂交后代的潜力较大。通过对品质性状聚类分析发现,38个大豆杂交亲本可聚成四大类群,第Ⅱ类群为高脂肪类群,第Ⅲ、Ⅳ类群为高蛋白类群。由此可将间作用大豆品种选育亲本选配分为产量兼顾目标性状的亲本选配和品质兼顾目标性状的亲本选配两种方案,可根据产量目标或品质目标选配亲本,为间作用大豆杂交组合配置提供理论参考。To breed interplanting soybean with high yield and quality,short growth period,few branches,moderate plant height and shade tolerance features,the genetic analysis was performed on the 8 agronomic traits and 2 quality traits of 38 soybean parents,the comprehensive evaluation of hybrid parents was also carried out using co efficient of variation,correlation,principal component and systematic clustering methods.The results indicated that there were much difference in the traits of 38 soybean parents,abundant variation was found,with a coefficient of variation about 7.52%~35.25%.The variation coefficient of branch number was the largest,while it was the smallest for main stem nodes among the agronomic traits.The correlation analysis of agronomic traits showed that there was a negative correlation between yield and branch number,100-grains weight,as well as 100-grains weight and grain number per plant.The content of protein and oil also showed a negative correlation with most traits.The principal component analysis results displayed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first 5 principal components was 85.24%and 12 soybean parents with higher comprehensive scores were selected.38 soybean hybrid parents could be grouped into four major groups by a cluster analysis of yield and its agronomic traits.GroupⅡhas concentrated traits and low plant height,which could be used as a dwarf gene source.While groupⅢand groupⅣshowed great potential for cultivating high-yield hybrid progenies.38 soybean hybrid parents could be grouped into four major groups by a cluster analysis of the content of protein and oil.GroupⅡhas high concent of oil.While groupⅢand groupⅣhave high concent of protein.Therefore,the parent selection of interplanting soybean can be divided into two options.The cultivation with both yield and target traits,and that with both quality and target traits.Parent soybeans can be selected according to the target of yield or quality.This work provided insight for the soybean hybrid combination.

关 键 词：间作用大豆 亲本选配 相关性 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]