北京市预防接种门诊人员HPV疫苗推荐和人群接种行为分析  

HPV vaccine-related recommendation and vaccination behavior among medical staff and attendees of immunization clinics in Beijing city

作　　者：李娟[1] 李晓梅[1] 张朱佳子 赵丹[1] 潘静彬[1] 卢莉[1] 吴疆[1] LI Juan;LI Xiao-mei;ZHANG Zhu-jia-zi(Institute of Preventive Immunization,Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine,Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心北京市预防医学研究中心免疫预防所,100013

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2021年第12期1737-1741,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：北京市疾病预防控制中心北京市预防医学研究中心科研培训专项(2019–BJYJ–08)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市预防接种门诊免疫服务供需双方人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗推荐和接种行为及其影响因素。方法按照多阶段分层整群抽样方法,2020年1—2月选择北京市8个区75家接种门诊的900名免疫服务人员以及1 200名已接种和1 110名未接种HPV疫苗女性人群进行调查。结果免疫服务人员中,曾经推荐接种HPV疫苗的比例为64.6%,将来愿意推荐的比例下降至57.6%,HPV疫苗接种增加的前3位供方工作量为咨询电话、预约通知和投诉处理,其中,处理投诉工作增加是影响推荐意愿的主要因素。阻碍HPV疫苗接种的前3位供方因素为工作人员不足、工作负荷增大和疫苗供应不足。HPV疫苗适龄接种人群中,听到过医护人员和亲友接种建议的比例分别为69.2%和83.9%,未接种疫苗的主要原因分别为没有时间接种、疫苗价格高、担心疫苗安全性和效果。结论北京市免疫服务供方对HPV疫苗的推荐行为处于中等水平,建议完善非免疫规划的服务机制,促进疫苗推荐和接种行为。Objective To examine the status and influencing factors of human papilloma virus(HPV)-related recommendation behavior in medical staff engaged in immunization service and vaccination behavior in women in Beijing city. Methods An on-line and on-site survey was conducted at 75 vaccination clinics in 8 districts of Beijing from January to February 2020. A self-designed questionnaire was completed by 900 immunization service personnel, 1 200 women vaccinated with HPV vaccine, and 1 110 unvaccinated women recruited using stratified multistage cluster sampling.Results Of the immunization service personnel, 64.6% reported ever recommending HPV vaccination to potential vaccine recipients or common people and 57.6% expressed the willingness to do the recommendation actively in future. Based on the reporting of the personnel, the three major workloads increased due to HPV vaccination were answering telephone consultation calls, performing appointment notice and dealing with relevant complaints;of which, dealing with relevant complaints was a main factor affecting the willingness to do HPV vaccination recommendation in the future. The top three hindering factors for HPV vaccination reported by the immunization service personnel included staff shortage, increased workload and insufficient vaccine supply. Among the participants at the right age for HPV vaccination, 69.2% and 83.9%reported ever receiving recommendation on HPV vaccination from medical staff and their relatives and friends. Reported by the unvaccinated women, the main reasons for not having HPV vaccination were no time to get the vaccination, considering higher price of the vaccine, and worrying about the safety and effectiveness of the vaccine. Conclusion The recommendation for HPV vaccination from immunization service personnel was at a moderate level in Beijing, suggesting that the service mechanism of vaccination not covered by planned immunization program needs to be improved to promote recommendation and vaccination behavior relevant to HPV vaccination.

关 键 词：人乳头瘤病毒疫苗 免疫服务 推荐 接种 影响因素 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]