基于微性状鉴别法的水蛭生药学研究  

Study on pharmacognosy Hirudo of the based on the method of Micro-morphological identification

作　　者：侯芳洁[1] 樊伟旭 杨言言 宋军娜[1] HOU Fang-jie;FAN Wei-xu;YANG Yan-yan;SONG Jun-na(Hebei University of Chinese Medicine,Traditional Chinese Medicine Drocessing Technology Innnovation Center of Hebei Provinve,Shijiazhuang,050000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北中医学院河北省中药炮制技术创新中心,河北石家庄050000

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2021年第12期2930-2932,共3页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：中央本级重大增减支项目-名贵中药资源可持续利用能力建设项目-北豆根,红参商品规格标准研究(2060302);孙宝惠全国名老中医药专家传承工作室项目(7002016008005);河北省二期现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目(HBCT2018060205);河北中医学院2020年大学生创新创业项目(202014432235,202014432221)。

摘　　要：目的通过微性状鉴别的方法鉴定水蛭及其混伪品,结合DNA鉴别佐证微性状鉴别的准确性,并对市售水蛭药材的重金属含量和酸碱度进行测定,综合评价市售水蛭药材的质量。方法采用3D景深合成技术和3D大图拼接技术对市售水蛭进行微性状鉴别,查阅相关文献比对鉴别,并测定其Cytb序列进行结果验证。采用ICP-MS法测定其重金属的含量及酸碱度。结果通过微性状鉴别可以区分水蛭及其混淆品,其不同品种的水蛭体背颜色及纹理、颚齿的形态、生殖孔所在的环节等微性状特征有明显区别。共鉴定出正品宽体金线蛭Whitmania pigra Whitman、伪品菲牛蛭Poecilobdella manillensis和Erpobdella bscur。DNA鉴别结果与微性状鉴别结果一致。市售水蛭的砷(As)含量容易超标,酸碱度一般均符合规定。结论微性状鉴别可以准确的鉴别水蛭及其混伪品,该方法操作简便、快捷。Objective Identifying the Hirudo with its counterfeit by the method of micro-morphological identification, verifying the method accuracy by the identification of DNA to provide identification basis to Hirudo. Determining the metal content and pH value of the Hirudo from markets to comprehensive evaluate the quality of its. Methods Identifying the Hirudo by 3 D depth of field synthesis technology and 3 D high-definition feature map, comparing and identifying it by related paper, and verifying the result of the sequence of Cytb. Determining the metal content and pH value by ICP-MS analysis. Results It is exact to distinguish Hirudo with its counterfeit by micro-morphological identification. There are obvious differences in the microcharacter characteristics of different varieties of Hirudo, such as the color and texture of the back of the Hirudo, the morphology of the jaw teeth and the link of the reproductive pore. The genuine Whitmania pigra Whitman, the counterfeit Poecilobdella manillensis and Erpobdella bscur were identified. The results of DNA identification were consistent with those of micro-morphological identification. The arsenic(As) content of commercially available leeches is easy to exceed the standard, and the pH is generally in line with the regulations. Conclusion Micro-morphological identification can accurately identify Hirudo and its counterfeits, and the method is simple and quick.

关 键 词：水蛭 微性状鉴别 DNA鉴别 生药学 

分 类 号：R282.74[医药卫生—中药学] R282.5[医药卫生—中医学]