青海地区单采血小板献血者初筛不合格原因分析与对策  

Deferral causes of apheresis platelet donors during primary screening and the countermeasures,Qinghai

作　　者：黄应选 雷辛娜 HUANG Yingxuan;LEI Xinna(Blood Center of Qinghai Province,Xining 810000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省血液中心,西宁810000

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2021年第12期1351-1353,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的探讨青海地区单采血小板献血者初筛不合格原因,采取有效的措施,提高献血者的筛查合格率。方法青海地区2018年1月至2020年1月参加捐献单采血小板初筛的献血者(共6 673人次),对其初筛检测结果进行回顾性分析,并对高海拔(>2 500米)、中海拔(约2 000米)和低海拔(<1 500米)不合格结果进行比较分析。结果来源于高海拔地区献血者的血液初筛淘汰率较高531例(41.7%),不合格项目中以血小板计数(Plt)较低168例(13.2%),谷丙转氨酶(ALT)较高151例(11.9%),红细胞比容(HCT)、血红蛋白含量(Hb)、红细胞计数(RBC)偏增高150例(11.8%),目测重度乳糜血51例(4.0%)占初筛不合格项比较高。其次是来源于中海拔地区献血者。来源于低海拔地区的献血者以HCT、Hb、RBC偏低8例(0.6%)占初筛项目不合格率比较高。结论献血者血液初筛不合格的项目有多种,献血者定居地海拔高低以及生活习惯不同,影响的不合格项也不同。在招募单采血小板献血者的过程中,对于不同海拔居住地的献血者给予不同的处理措施,从而提高献血者的初筛筛查合格率。Objective To explore the deferral causes of apheresis platelet donors during primary screening in Qinghai, so as to take appropriate measures to improve the pass rate of donors.Methods The primary screening results of 6 673 apheresis donors from January 2018 to January 2020 in Qinghai were analyzed retrospectively. And the deferral results of donors were compared according to high(>2 500 m), middle(about 2 000 m) and low(<1500 m) altitude.Results 41.7%(531) of those high-altitude blood donors were deferred, as low Plt accounted for 13.2%(168),high ALT 11.9%(151), high Hct/Hb/RBC 11.8%(150), and limepic blood 4.0%(51). 8.1% of the middle-altitude donors were deferred. As for low-altitude donors, low HCT, Hb and RBC(0.6%,8 cases) were the dominant reason.Conclusion The different altitudes and living habits of blood donors may result in their deferral. Appropriate measures should be carried out for apheresis donors from areas of different altitudes when recruiting donors, so as to elevate the pass rate.

关 键 词：单采献血者 初筛 高海拔 乳糜血 血细胞 

分 类 号：R446.11[医药卫生—诊断学] R193[医药卫生—临床医学]