长江流域隐孢子虫和贾第鞭毛虫的污染调查分析  

Pollution Investigation and Analysis of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Yangtze River Basin

作　　者：刘明洋 安伟[2] 肖淑敏 张艳芬[2] 杨敏 LIU Ming-yang;AN Wei;XIAO Shu-min;ZHANG Yan-fen;YANG Min(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Tianjin Chengjian University,Tianjin 300384,China;Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津城建大学环境与市政工程学院,天津300384 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085 [3]天津市水质科学与技术重点实验室,天津300384

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2021年第12期2866-2872,共7页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2018ZX07502-001,2017ZX07201-005);天津市技术创新引导专项(21YDTPJC00770)。

摘　　要：为调查长江流域水中隐孢子虫和贾第鞭毛虫污染现状,选取长江流域沿线7个省市的17个采样点,分为丰水期(7月)和枯水期(11月)两次采集长江水样34份。水样经过沉淀浓缩、密度梯度分离纯化和荧光染色后,在显微镜下检测和计数隐孢子虫卵囊和贾第鞭毛虫包囊。结果发现:卵囊或包囊总检出率为61.76%,其中丰水期和枯水期样品(各17份)卵囊或包囊检出率分别为58.52%和64.71%。隐孢子虫检出率最低的省份为四川省的12.5%;最高的为湖北省和安徽省,均为75%。并且可以看出湖北省的隐孢子虫和贾第鞭毛虫检出率较高。长江流域各地区均受到隐孢子虫和贾第鞭毛虫不同程度的污染,存在一定的用水安全隐患,特别是作为饮用水源时,要加强水处理去除效率的监测,确保居民饮水安全。In order to investigate the pollution status of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in the Yangtze River Basin,34 water samples were collected from 17 sampling points in 7 provinces and cities along the Yangtze River Basin in the flood season(July)and the dry season(November).Cryptosporidium oocysts and Giardia cysts were detected and counted under a microscope following a method involving concentration with precipitation,separation with density gradient and fluorescent staining.The results showed that the total detection rate of oocysts or cysts was 61.76%,while the detection rates of oocysts or cysts in the flood and dry season samples were 58.52%and 64.71%,respectively.From a regional perspective,the detection rate of Cryptosporidium in Sichuan Province was the lowest,i.e.12.5%,while those in Hubei Province and Anhui Province were the highest,both with 75%.In addition,the detection rates of both Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Hubei Province were relatively high.The results of this study showed that all regions of the Yangtze River were polluted by Cryptosporidium and Giardia to varying degrees,and there were certain hidden dangers in water safety,especially when it used as a source of drinking water.It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of water treatment removal efficiency to ensure the safety of drinking water for residents.

关 键 词：隐孢子虫 贾第鞭毛虫 水污染 长江 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]