老化电池的放电性能与充放电产热特性  

Discharge performance and charge-discharge heat generation characteristics of aging batteries

作　　者：陈兵 郑莉莉[1,2,3] 李希超 冯燕[1,2,3] 许卓 戴作强 CHEN Bing;ZHENG Lili;LI Xichao;FENG Yan;XU Zhuo;DAI Zuoqiang(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao 260071,Shandong,China;Engineering Technology Center of Power Integration and Energy Storage System,Qingdao University,Qingdao 260071,Shandong,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Technology Center for Intelligent Power Integration Technology for ElectricVehicles(Qingdao),Qingdao 260071,Shandong,China;Energy storage division of CRRC Qingdao Sifang Vehicle Research lnstitute Co.,Ltd,Qingdao 260071,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学机电工程学院,山东青岛260071 [2]青岛大学动力集成及储能系统工程技术中心,山东青岛260071 [3]电动汽车智能化动力集成技术国家地方联合工程技术中心(青岛),山东青岛260071 [4]中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司储能事业部,山东青岛260071

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2022年第2期679-689,共11页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR201709240128)。

摘　　要：当前车用动力电池老化性能衰退问题日益凸显,动力电池老化后的性能受到了广泛关注。本文以18650型NCM811锂离子电池为研究对象,探究电池老化后的放电性能和充放电产热特性。为说明电池老化后的性能变化,以同型号新电池的对应性能参数作为参考量。开展了不同环境温度和不同放电倍率条件下电池的放电性能试验,得到电池放电电压曲线、放电容量以及放电过程中电池外表面的温度变化规律。并用等温绝热量热仪测试电池在充放电过程中的产热功率及产热量。结果表明:25℃时,0.2 C、0.5 C、1 C、2 C放电,老化电池放电容量分别占新电池放电容量的72%、69.5%、66.2%、62.2%,老化电池表面温升分别是新电池的147%、208%、331%、138%;0.5 C时,-20℃、-10℃、0℃、20℃、40℃放电,老化电池容量分别是新电池的57.5%、63.4%、66.9%、69.5%、69.3%,老化电池温升分别是新电池温升的91%、120%、106%、208%、146%;充放电过程中,老化电池的产热功率和产热量基本大于新电池,但由于老化电池有时充放电时间较短,会出现老化电池产热功率或产热量小于新电池的情况。Currently, the aging performance degradation of vehicle power batteries is becoming increasingly prominent, and their performance after aging is concerning. In this study, a 18650-type ncm811 lithium-ion battery was used as the research object to study the discharge performance and charge-discharge heat generation characteristics after aging. The performance change of the battery after aging is explained by taking the corresponding performance parameters of the new battery of the same model as the reference. The battery’s discharge performance was evaluated at varying ambient temperatures and discharge rates.The discharge voltage curve, discharge capacity, and temperature variation of the battery’s outer surface during discharge were obtained. The battery’s thermal power and heat production during charging and discharging were measured using an isothermal adiabatic calorimeter. The results show that at 25 ℃, the discharge capacity of the aged battery accounts for 72%, 69.5%, 66.2%, and 62.2% of that of the new battery at 0.2 C, 0.5 C, 1 C,and 2 C, and the aged battery’s surface temperature increase is 147%, 208%, 331%, and138%, respectively, of that of the new battery. At 0.5 C,-20 ℃,-10 ℃, 0 ℃, 20 ℃, and 40 ℃,the aging battery’s capacity is 57.5%, 63.4%, 66.9%, 69.5%, and 69.3% of that of the new battery, and the aging battery’s temperature increase is 91%, 120%, 106%, 208%, and 146%,respectively, of that of the new battery. During charging and discharging, the aging battery’s heat production power and heat production are larger than that of the new battery. However,because the aging battery’s charging and discharging times are sometimes short, its heat production power or heat production is smaller than that of the new battery.

关 键 词：循环老化 环境温度 放电倍率 产热功率 产热量 

分 类 号：TM911.3[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]