超声评估不同状态摄入物胃排空时间的研究  

Study on ultrasound evaluation of gastric emptying time for different ingested nutritional status

作　　者：白晓温 孙龙昊[1] 徐梦瑜 张杰[1] 马超[1] 陈岩[1] 田伟军[1] 胡芳[1] 梁晓宇[1] Bai Xiaowen;Sun Longhao;Xu Mengyu;Zhang Jie;Ma Chao;Chen Yan;Tian Weijun;Hu Fang;Liang Xiaoyu(Department of General Surgery,General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300052,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院普外科,300052

出　　处：《北京医学》2021年第12期1184-1187,共4页Beijing Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的应用超声检查对摄入不同状态食物后的胃容量和胃排空时间的变化进行动态测量,探讨超声检测胃排空时间在术前禁食指导中的意义。方法选取2019年8—10月天津医科大学总医院的健康志愿者30名,禁食一夜,间隔3 d分别先后摄入清水、液态营养品和半固态营养品。在进食前、摄食后每隔0.5 h应用超声对胃容量进行动态检测,直至全部胃排空。结果清水组0.5 h和1.0 h胃容积与空腹胃容积比较[(129.2±42.3)ml和(83.9±22.5)ml比(59.8±18.4)ml],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),1.5 h时的胃容积[(58.7±11.5)ml]与空腹胃容积比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),达到排空状态。液态营养品组0.5 h、1.0 h、1.5 h和2.0 h胃容积与空腹胃容积比较[(170.3±58.6)ml、(141.4±52.5)ml、(113.8±49.4)ml、(90.4±15.8)ml比(59.5±21.1)ml],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),2.5 h时的胃容积[(60.3±16.3)ml]与空腹胃容积比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),达到排空状态。半固态营养品组0.5 h、1.0 h、1.5 h、2.0 h、2.5 h和3.0 h胃容积与空腹胃容积比较[(223.4±60.7)ml、(196.5±24.4)ml、(162.6±26.4)ml、(126.1±16.4)ml、(96.4±15.1)ml、(72.4±11.4)ml比(57.3±11.2)ml],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),3.5 h时的胃容积[(57.8±19.8)ml]与空腹胃容积比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),达到排空状态。结论应用超声可以对胃容积进行测量与评估。相同体积和热量情况下,胃排空时间与胃内容物的状态有关。试验中所用营养品的胃排空时间少于禁食指导时间,对术前禁食时间有指导意义。Objective To dynamically measure the changes of gastric volume and gastric emptying time after intake of food in different nutritional states by ultrasonography,and to explore the significance of ultrasonic detection of gastric emptying time in preoperative fasting guidance.Methods A total of 30 healthy volunteers from General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from August to October 2019 were selected.They fasted overnight and took water,liquid nutrient and semi-solid nutrient at an interval of three days,respectively.The gastric volume was dynamically measured by ultrasound before feeding and every 0.5 h after feeding until all the stomach was emptied.Results In water group,the difference between gastric volume at 0.5 h and 1.0 h and fasting gastric volume were statistically significant[(129.2±42.3)ml,(83.9±22.5)ml vs.(59.8±18.4)ml,P<0.05],and there was no significant difference between the gastric volume at 1.5 h[(58.7±11.5)ml]and the fasting gastric volume(P>0.05),indicating that the gastric volume was empty.In liquid nutrition group,the difference between gastric volume at 0.5 h,1.0 h,1.5 h and 2.0 h and fasting gastric volume[(170.3±58.6)ml,(141.4±52.5)ml,(113.8±49.4)ml,(90.4±15.8)ml vs.(59.5±21.1)ml]was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the gastric volume at 2.5 h[(60.3±16.3)ml]and the fasting gastric volume(P>0.05),indicating that the gastric volume was empty.In semi-solid diet group,the difference between gastric volume at 0.5 h,1.0 h,1.5 h,2.0 h,2.5 h and 3.0 h and fasting gastric volume[(223.4±60.7)ml,(196.5±24.4)ml,(162.6±26.4)ml,(126.1±16.4)ml,(96.4±15.1)ml,(72.4±11.4)ml vs.(57.3±11.2)ml],the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the gastric volume at 3.5 h[(57.8±19.8)ml]and the fasting gastric volume(P>0.05),indicating that the gastric volume was empty.Conclusions The gastric volume can be measured and evaluated by ultrasonography.The gastric emptying time is related to the st

关 键 词：超声检查 半固态 胃内容物 胃排空 术前禁食 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]