天山一号冰川岩面生地衣群落主要种群生态位特征的研究  

Niche characteristics of saxicolous lichens in Tianshan No.1 Glacier, Xinjiang, China

作　　者：拜合提妮萨·依明 李作森 艾尼瓦尔·吐米尔[1] IMIN Bahtinisha;LI Zuosen;TUMUR Anwar(College of Life Sciences and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2022年第1期159-166,共8页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：新疆自治区自然科学基金项目(2021D01C061)资助。

摘　　要：为了查明天山一号冰川岩面生地衣群落主要种群对环境资源的利用特点及其分布格局,沿海拔梯度设立15个样方,利用生态位宽度和生态位重叠指数,分析了30种岩面生地衣的生态位特征,并以生态位重叠值为指标,应用聚类分析和主坐标排序法对它们进行了分类,用最小生成树对其种间关系进行分析。结果表明:大部分的岩面生地衣生态位宽度属于中等偏窄,其中丽石黄衣Xanthoria elegans(Link) Th. Fr.和地图衣Rhizocarpon geographicum(L.) DC.的Shannon-Wiener和Levins生态位宽度指数最大,广泛的分布在研究区不同海拔的各个样方,对环境适应能力强,对群落结构具有重要作用。研究区地衣种对间生态位重叠现象普遍,但大部分重叠值偏低,物种间形成了生态位的分化,且生态位宽度和生态位重叠值之间无明显相关。最小生成树反映了地衣种对间在生境因子上的相似性,与聚类分析和主坐标排序结果一致,将30种岩面生地衣分成3个生态类群。In order to understand better the utilization characteristics of environmental resources and distribution pattern of saxicolous lichens in Tianshan No.1 Glacier of Xinjiang, 15 sites were sampled along the elevation gradient. The niche width and niche overlap indexes of the 30 saxicolous species were calculated. Based on their niche overlap values, the saxicolous lichens were classified by cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis(PCoA) method, and the inter-species relationship were analyzed by the minimum spanning tree method. The results showed that, the niche width of most saxicolous lichens was relatively medium level, and the Shannon-Wiener and Levins niche widthes of the Xanthoria elegans(Link) Th. Fr. and Rhizocarpon geographicum(L.) DC.were larger, which were widely distributed in different altitudes in the study area.They had strong adaptability to the environment and played an important role for community structure. Niche overlap between lichen species was common in the study area, but most of overlap values were low, niche differentiation was formed between species, and there was no significant correlation between niche width and overlap values. The minimum spanning tree reflects the similarity of the habitat factors between species, which is consistent with the results of cluster analysis and principal coordinate ordering analysis, the 30 saxicolous lichen can be divided into 3 ecological groups.

关 键 词：岩面生地衣 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 天山一号冰川 

分 类 号：Q949.34[生物学—植物学]