小麦联合收获机清选机理分析与优化试验  

Analysis and optimization of cleaning mechanism of wheat combine harvester

作　　者：耿端阳[1] 牟孝栋 张国栋 王宗源 朱俊科 徐海刚 GENG Duan-yang;MU Xiao-dong;ZHANG Guo-dong;WANG Zong-yuan;ZHU Jun-ke;XU Hai-gang(School of Agricultural and Food Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China;Shi Feng Group Co.Ltd.,Liaocheng 252800,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院,山东淄博255000 [2]山东时风(集团)有限责任公司,山东聊城252800

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2022年第1期219-230,共12页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：山东省农机装备研发创新计划项目(2016YF025).

摘　　要：针对小麦联合收获机作业过程清选损失和籽粒含杂率“双高”的问题,开展小麦联合收获机清选作业参数优化试验,探究整机清选装置作业参数对清选损失率和籽粒含杂率的影响规律,确定清选作业参数的最优组合。基于气流场籽粒运动分析,建立了风筛清选系统的试验模型;对清选筛振幅、清选筛频率、风机风速和气流方向角4个参数进行了单因素试验和响应面回归试验,结果表明:风机风速是影响籽粒含杂率的显著影响因素,振幅、频率是影响清选损失率的显著影响因素。采用响应面试验方法,应用Design-Expert建立了清选损失率和籽粒含杂率的回归数学模型,获得了最佳工作参数如下:清选筛振幅为31 mm、清选筛频率为4 Hz、风机风速为12 m/s、气流方向角为26°。最佳参数组合的试验结果如下:籽粒含杂率为0.476%,清选损失率为0.438%,与理论计算的相对误差分别为7.8%和6.4%。To solve the problems of high grain loss and high impurity rate in wheat combine harvester cleaning operation in field harvest,the optimization experiment of wheat combine harvester cleaning operation parameters was carried out to explore the influence rules of operating parameters of the whole machine's cleaning device on the cleaning loss rate and impurity rate in grains,and the optimal combination of cleaning operation parameters was obtained.Test model is determined based on the airflow movement analysis,and the factors,the amplitude,frequency of cleaning sieve,fan wind speed and air flow direction angle of four parameters for the single factor tests and response surface regression test.The results show that the fan speed is significantly influence factor affecting the grain impurity rate,amplitude and frequency of cleaning are the significant influencing factors of loss rate.Using response surface test method and design-expert,the regression mathematical models of cleaning loss rate and impurity rate of grains were established,and the optimal operating parameters were obtained:the cleaning screen amplitude was 31 mm,the cleaning screen frequency was 4 Hz,the fan wind speed was 12 m/s,and the airflow direction angle was 26°.The experimental results of various parameter combinations are as follows:the rate of impurity in grains is 0.476%,and the rate of cleaning loss is 0.438%.The rate of impurity in grains and the rate of cleaning loss are 0.439%and 0.410%respectively,and the relative errors between them and the theoretical calculation are 7.8%and 6.4%respectively.

关 键 词：农业工程 小麦收获机 清选 力学分析 参数优化 响应面 

分 类 号：S225.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]