西部欠发达地区普惠金融发展水平及对农民增收效应研究  

Research on the Development Level of Inclusive Finance and Its Effects on Increasing Farmers’Income in Western Underdeveloped Regions

作　　者：廖东声[1] 沈宇锋 LIAO Dong-sheng;SHEN Yu-feng(School of Economics,Guangxi University for Nationalities,Nanning 530006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学经济学院,广西南宁530006

出　　处：《经济论坛》2022年第2期120-131,共12页Economic Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“转型中西南边境地区‘新贫困陷阱’的形成机理与突破路径研究”(16BJL119)。

摘　　要：自2005年联合国提出普惠金融概念以来,中国普惠金融发展已经取得瞩目的成绩,本文就西部欠发达地区普惠金融发展水平及对农民的增收效应展开研究。基于2009—2019年西部地区的面板数据,首先,利用变异系数法在四个维度九个指标下对西部地区普惠金融的发展水平进行量化。普惠金融指数显示西部地区普惠金融发展迅速,农村居民金融服务可获得性不断提高,但广西、云南两地普惠金融水平仍处于较低水平。其次,采用双向固定效应模型进行回归分析,结果表明:1.普惠金融的发展能显著提升农村居民收入,但第三产业比重的加大会对普惠金融的增收效应产生负向调节作用;2.普惠金融与城乡收入差距呈“U”型关系;3.普惠金融对农民的增收效应在低收入人群中作用效果更大,而对农村高收入人群作用效果不明显。最后,文章建议应进一步推进普惠金融建设、加大欠发达地区的帮扶力度、完善普惠金融体系和传导机制和优化产业结构,防止返贫困和收入两极分化现象的出现。Since the concept of inclusive finance was put forward by the United Nations in 2005,the develop⁃ment of inclusive finance in China has made remarkable achievements.This paper studies the development level of inclusive finance in less developed areas in western China and its effects on increasing farmers’income.Based on the panel data of western China from 2009 to 2019,firstly,the development level of inclusive finance in western Chi⁃na is quantified under four dimensions and nine indicators by using the variation coefficient method.The inclusive finance index shows that the inclusive finance in western China is developing rapidly and the availability of finan⁃cial services for rural residents is constantly improving,but the inclusive finance level in Guangxi and Yunnan is still at a low level.Secondly,bidirectional fixed effects model is adopted for the regression analysis,and the results show that:(1)The inclusive finance development can significantly improve rural residents’income,but an in⁃crease of the proportion of the tertiary industry would generate a negative regulation on the income increase effects of inclusive finance(2)There is a U-shaped relationship between inclusive finance and urban-rural income gap(3)The effect of inclusive finance on increasing the income of farmers is greater in low-income groups,but not obvious in rural high-income groups.Finally,this paper proposes further advancing the construction of inclusive finance,in⁃creasing assistance to less developed areas,improving the inclusive finance system and transmission mechanism,and optimizing industrial structure to prevent the return to poverty and income polarization.

关 键 词：普惠金融 农村居民收入 西部地区 城乡收入差距 增收效应 

分 类 号：F832.35[经济管理—金融学]