致敏性食物引入时机及种类对婴幼儿变应性疾病的影响  

Effects of timing and type of allergenic food introduction on allergic diseases in infants

作　　者：宁静 周偲[2] 吴婕翎[1] 刘翠 刘瑛[1] 李炜[1] 黄维勇[1] NING Jing;ZHOU Cai;WU Jieling;LIU Cui;LIU Ying;LI Wei;HUANG Weiyong(Department of Child Health,Guangdong Women and Children’s Hospital,Guangzhou 511400,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广东省妇幼保健院儿童保健科,广州511400 [2]广东省妇幼保健院科教科,广州511400

出　　处：《实用医学杂志》2022年第1期68-72,共5页The Journal of Practical Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(编号:A2018156)。

摘　　要：目的探讨致敏性食物的引入时机与种类对婴幼儿变应性疾病的影响。方法选取2017年1月至2020年12月在广东省妇幼保健院儿童保健科就诊的纯母乳喂养儿为研究对象,建立研究队列,定期随访。收集有关致敏性食物引入时机与种类及婴幼儿变应性疾病发生情况等资料,进行统计学分析,比较不同时机引入致敏性食物、同一时机引入不同种类致敏性食物时发生婴幼儿变应性疾病的差异。结果共纳入554例婴幼儿,198例随访过程中被诊断的婴幼儿变应性疾病,总患病率35.74%。分为<4月、4~6月、6~12月龄3组,引入致敏性食物婴儿发生变应性疾病比例分别为57.1%(n=84)、24.4%(n=246)、40.2%(n=224),3组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而在相同时机添加不同种类致敏性食物的婴儿中发生变应性疾病差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论致敏性食物的引入时机可能影响婴幼儿变应性疾病的发生,纯母乳喂养儿在4~6月龄引入致敏性食物对婴幼儿变应性疾病的发生可能具有保护作用。Objective To investigate the effect of timing and type of allergenic food introduction on allergic diseases in infants.Methods Exclusively breastfed children attending the Department of Child Health of Guangdong Women and Children’s Hospital from January 2017 to December 2020 were selected as the subjects,and a cohort was established with regular follow-up.Data on the timing and types of allergenic food introduced and the occurrence of allergic diseases in infants were collected and statistically analyzed to compare the differences in the occurrence of allergic diseases in infants when allergenic food was introduced at different times and when different types of allergenic food were added at the same timing.Results A total of 554 infants were included,and 198 cases were diagnosed with allergic diseases during the follow-up,with an overall prevalence of 35.74%.The proportion of allergic diseases occurring in infants introduced with allergenic foods at<4 months,4~6 months,and 6~12 months of age was 57.1%(n=84),24.4%(n=246),and 40.2%(n=224),respectively,with statistically significant differences among the 3 groups(P<0.05).In contrast,there was no statistically significant difference in the occurrence of allergic diseases in infants with different types of allergenic foods added at the same timing(P>0.05).Conclusion The timing of allergenic food introduction rather than the type may affect the occurrence of allergic diseases in infants,and the introduction of allergenic food in exclusively breastfed children at 4~6 months of age may have a protective effect on the occurrence of allergic diseases in infants.

关 键 词：致敏性食物 变应性疾病 婴幼儿 辅食引入 

分 类 号：R725.9[医药卫生—儿科]