论农村宅基地流转规则体系的更新  

On Updating the System of Rules on Rural Homestead Circulation

作　　者：杨一介[1] Yang Yijie

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《首都师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第6期61-71,共11页Journal of Capital Normal University：Social Science Edition

摘　　要：在现行政策和法律框架下,根据宅基地权利变动的基础性原因可将其区分为宅基地退出和宅基地流转。为适应实践发展的变化,需重新审视宅基地权利变动方式,将宅基地指标市场化交易纳入宅基地流转范畴,进而推动城乡建设用地制度改革。宅基地流转规则体系的内在冲突主要体现为宅基地流转管制机制滞后于实践发展,宅基地和农房之间的关系未能遵循房地关系的基本规则,以及宅基地社会保障观对宅基地财产权的实现造成负面影响。实施宅基地"三权分置"是克服上述冲突的有效途径。为此,赋予农民集体和宅基地使用权人更多的自主决定权,进一步实现宅基地流转的开放性,以保障和促进宅基地流转为导向实施宅基地流转管制。Under the current policy and legal framework, change of homestead rights can be either homestead withdrawal or homestead circulation depending on the fundamental causes of such changes. To adapt to the changing practices, the pattern of changes of homestead rights must be examined anew, and the market-oriented transaction of homestead index should be introduced as a new form of homestead circulation for promoting the institutional reform of urban and rural construction land. The intrinsic tension within the system of rules on homestead circulation is threefold: the regulation mechanism of homestead circulation lags behind the development of practices;the relationship between homestead and rural housing fails to follow the basic rules;and the idea of social security of homestead renders a negative impact on the realization of the property rights of homestead. The practice of dividing rural homestead rights into collective ownership of homesteads,farmers’ household homestead contract rights and homestead usufructuary rights would be an effective way to overcome the above-mentioned tension. To this end, it is recommended that farmers’ collective and holders of usufructuary be bestowed with more discretionary power, and the openness of homestead circulation be further realized so as to ensure and promote the implementation of homestead circulation regulation with homestead circulation as the orientation.

关 键 词：宅基地权利变动 宅基地“三权分置” 宅基地流转规则体系 宅基地管制 

分 类 号：D922.3[政治法律—法学]