中国致密砂岩气开发现状与前景展望  

Development status and prospect of tight sandstone gas in China

作　　者：贾爱林[1] 位云生[1] 郭智[1] 王国亭[1] 孟德伟[1] 黄苏琦 JIA Ailin;WEI Yunsheng;GUO Zhi;WANG Guoting;MENG Dewei;HUANG Suqi(PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院

出　　处：《天然气工业》2022年第1期83-92,共10页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司“十四五”前瞻性基础性科技项目“复杂天然气田开发关键技术研究”(编号:2021DJ17);“致密气勘探开发技术研究”(编号:2021DJ21)。

摘　　要：致密砂岩气(以下简称致密气)在世界各大含油气盆地广泛分布,是重要的非常规气类型之一,其中储层改造技术突破与开发成本的下降助推了致密气的规模化与工业化开发,中国是世界第三大致密气产气国,2020年致密气年产量已达470×10^(8)m^(3)。为评价中国致密气的开发前景,首先在简要分析全球致密气资源分布、开发历程的基础上,系统总结了我国在20年的致密气开发实践中形成的系列关键技术,进而结合中国石油第四次资源评价结果,预测了我国致密气的开发前景。研究结果表明:①中国致密气资源较为丰富,约占全球资源量的10%,其开发可划分为开发评价和开发调整2个阶段;②开发评价阶段中的关键技术包括有效储层成因单元确立与富集区优选、开发指标评价、井网井型优化、储层改造、开发方案优化等技术;③开发调整阶段的核心是提高采收率,其最主要的技术手段为井网优化与加密,可提高采收率10%~20%,查层补孔、老井侧钻、二次压裂、排水采气及增压开采也是有效的技术手段。结论认为:①中国致密气仍具有较大的上产潜力与发展前景,已动用探明储量挖潜、未动用探明储量开发、新增探明储量有效开发是保障致密气中长期发展的3个重要方面,前二者可支撑致密气年产气量峰值(700~800)×10^(8)m^(3),达峰时间介于2030—2035年,稳产超过10年;②新增探明储量的持续开发将进一步支撑致密气产量稳产至2050—2060年。As one of the important types of unconventional gas,tight gas is widely distributed in various major petroliferous basins in the world.The breakthrough of reservoir reconstruction technology and the reduction of development cost promote the scale and industrial development of tight gas.China is the third largest tight gas producer in the world and its yearly tight gas production in 2020 is up to 470×10^(8) m^(3).In order to evaluate the development prospect of tight gas in China,this paper systematically summarizes domestic key technical series developed in the last 20 years'tight gas development practice,after briefly analyzing the distribution and development history of tight gas resources all over the world.Then,the development prospect of tight gas in China is predicted based on PetroChina's fourth resource evaluation result.And the following research results are obtained.First,tight gas resource in China is more abundant,accounting for about 10%of global resources,and its development can be divided into two stages,i.e.,development evaluation stage and development adjustment stage.Second,key technologies in the development evaluation stage include the establishment of genesis unit of effective reservoir,enrichment area selection,development index evaluation,well pattern and type optimization,reservoir reconstruction,and development scheme optimization.Third,the core in the development adjustment stage is enhanced oil recovery(EOR),and its most important technology is well pattern optimization and infilling,which can increase the recovery factor by 10%-20%.In addition,layer reviewing and reperforating,old well sidetracking,secondary fracturing,drainage and gas recovery,and pressurized production are also effective technologies.In conclusion,tight gas in China still has greater production potential and development prospect.The potential tapping of produced proved reserves,the development of unproduced proved reserves and the effective development of new proved reserves are three important aspects to ensure the

关 键 词：致密气 储层改造 开发评价 开发调整 气藏特征 提高采收率 技术进展 储量 前景展望 

分 类 号：TE37[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]