传承与发展:昆山璞园山水营造  

Mountain-and-river Making in Pu Garden in Kunshan

作　　者：顾凯[1] 应天慧 GU Kai;YING Tianhui(Southeast University,Nanjing,Jiangsu,China,210096;Jiangsu Provincial Planning and Design Group,Nanjing,Jiangsu,China,210009)

机构地区：[1]东南大学,江苏南京210096 [2]江苏省规划设计集团有限公司,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《园林》2022年第2期19-26,共8页Landscape Architecture Academic Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金艺术学重大项目“中国建筑艺术的理论与实践研究(1949-2019)”(编号:20ZD11)。

摘　　要：以匠师主导为特征的传统山水造园是当代园林文化传承的重要方面,但尚未得到深入认识。匠师方惠主持的昆山璞园营造可作为此类典型案例加以研究。该园在总体境界上追求"园在山中",以确定主山、安排山势、布置水境等方式应对场地条件而进行布局。在具体山水景致营造上,重点以近景山洞、中景山峰、远景山峦及综贯水景等方式形成艺术效果与体验构成。在过程营造技艺上,在选石与用石、拼叠与造型、层次与呼应等方面呈现了高超的水准,并且因当代技术条件而加以发展。该园山水营造体现出对传统造园的真正传承且又有开拓,为当代设计施工分离问题的应对提供了有益借鉴。Traditional mountain-and-river garden making, featured with the leading role of master craftsman, is important in contemporary inheritance of Chinese garden culture and has not been well studied. Pu Garden in Kunshan, which is designed and constructed by craftsman FANG Hui, is a typical case of this kind. With "garden within mountain" as its overall pursuit, the garden was planned with main mountain from outside, mountain veins and water in mountain, with the constraint of site condition carefully considered. In terms of the creation of specific landscape scenery, the focus is on the formation of artistic effects and experience composition in the form of close-range cave, mid-range mountain peak, long-range mountain and comprehensive waterscape. In the process of building skills, stone selection and use of stone, overlapping and modeling, level and echo and other aspects of a superb level, and due to the contemporary technical conditions to develop. Such mountain-and-river making in Pu Garden shows the real inheritance and development of traditional Chinese garden making and provides helpful reference for tackling the common problem caused by the separation of design and construction.

关 键 词：传统造园 山水 匠师 方惠 昆山璞园 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]