混合STR分型分析方法研究进展  

Evolving Researches into Mixed STR Profiles for Their Analysis

作　　者：彭柱 徐珍[1] 凃政[1] 杨帆[1] 李永久[1] 严安心 聂昊[1] 赵禾苗[1] 赵兴春[1] PENG Zhu;XU Zhen;TU Zheng;YANG Fan;LI Yongjiu;YAN Anxin;NIE Hao;ZHAO Hemiao;ZHAO Xingchun(Institute of Forensic Science,Ministry of Public Security,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]公安部物证鉴定中心,北京100038

出　　处：《刑事技术》2022年第1期10-17,共8页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：公安部科技强警基础工作专项(2020GABJC11)。

摘　　要：混合STR分型的解释及分析一直是国际上法医物证领域研究的热点和难点。随着DNA检验技术的发展,案件中检出的混合STR分型呈现出模板量降低以及混合组分数增加的趋势,其解释变得愈加复杂,传统的人工分析方法已难以满足现实要求。近几年国外基于统计算法模型的自动化软件解析方法渐趋成为混合STR分型分析的主要方法。本文综述了混合STR分型分析方法的相关研究进展,包括人工为主的定性分析方法以及基于统计模型的基因型概率分析方法;讨论了混合STR分型分析方法的未来发展趋势以及人工智能技术的应用前景。Mixed STR profiles have always been a focus and obstacle for forensic genetics community with their difficulty to analyze and decipher.However,the ever-developing DNA detection technologies even make these mixed STR profiles resulted from less template amount yet more mingled components,having further brought forth such many handicaps to the decipherment that the traditional manual analytic methods are ineligible for the practical demand.Fortunately,the recentemerging software-based automatic analysis approaches take the advantages of relevant statistical algorithms,gradually becoming the mainstream for mixed STR profiles to parse.Here,the mixed STR profiles were reviewed about their analysis into involving researches’evolution,focused on the artificial ascription methods and the model-led ones of genotypic statistical probability.Finally,an envisioning was put about the mixed STR profiles for their trending analyses,with discussions being made on the prospect of artificial intelligence(AI)to be applied into analysis of mixed STR profiles.

关 键 词：法医遗传学 混合STR分型 统计模型 基因型概率 人工智能 

分 类 号：D919[医药卫生—法医学]