多普勒雷达资料在强降雪相态转变过程的研究应用  

Research and Application of Doppler Radar in the Phase Transition Process of Heavy Snowfall

作　　者：周涛 李娜 王清川 杨帅 张玉婷 ZHOU Tao;LI Na;WANG Qingchuan;YANG Shuai;ZHANG Yuting(Langfang Meteorological Bureau,Langfang 065000,China;Hengshui Meteorological Bureau,Hengshui 053000,China)

机构地区：[1]廊坊市气象局,河北廊坊065000 [2]衡水市气象局,河北衡水053000

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2021年第6期68-74,共7页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：2020年中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2020-012);廊坊市气象局项目(201923);廊坊市科技局项目(2020013157)。

摘　　要：利用常规气象资料、NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料和北京多普勒雷达资料,对河北廊坊地区2020年2月14日强降雪过程中相态转变特征进行分析,并引入HYSPLIT模式,对强降雪地区气块进行96 h后向追踪模拟。研究发现,零速度线闭合状态反映了低空急流与中高空急流(气流)发展、对峙、消亡等状态,对地面降水相态变化的临近预报有较好的指示意义;距离北京多普勒雷达40~80 km的廊坊各地面气象观测站,在零度层亮带高度迅速下降后30 min~1 h先后完成雨雪相态转变;利用HYSPLIT模式得到强降雪地区4个高度层的水汽源地、路径及贡献,700、850 hPa暖湿气流对降水的水汽贡献较大。Conventional meteorological data,NCEP1° ×1° reanalysis data and Beijing Doppler radar data were used to analyze the phase transition characteristics during the heavy snowfall on February 14 th,2020 in Langfang,Hebei Province,and the HYSPLIT mode was introduced to simulate the 96 h backward trajectories of gas blocks in areas with heavy snowfall.The study found that the closed state of the zero-velocity isoline reflects the development,confrontation,and extinction of the low-level jet and the mid-to-upper level jet(airflow),and has a good indication of the nowcasting of surface precipitation phase changes;The meteorological observation stations in Langfang within 40-80 km from Beijing Doppler Radar completed the phase transition of rain and snow within half an hour to one hour after the height of the 0 ℃-layer bright band dropped rapidly.The HYSPLIT model was used to obtain the water vapor source,path and contribution of the four altitude layers in the strong snow area,and find that 700 hPa and 850 hPa contribute significantly to the water vapor in the precipitation area,and both are warm and humid air airflow.

关 键 词：强降雪 相态转变 零度层亮带 HYSPLIT模式 

分 类 号：P458.121[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]