登记离婚冷静期法律适用的困境与出路——兼评《民法典》第1077条  

The Dilemma of Law Application of the Divorce Cooling-off Period and Solution--Comment on Article 1077 of the Civil Code

作　　者：张煜泰 ZHANG Yutai(Lingshan County People’s Court,Lingshan Guangxi,535400,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区灵山县人民法院,广西灵山535400

出　　处：《西南石油大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第1期97-105,共9页Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：《民法典》第1077条针对离婚登记设置了30日的冷静期。设立离婚冷静期,是立法对“闪婚闪离”社会现象的回应,对减少草率型、冲动型离婚,保障稳定完整融洽的婚姻关系,构建文明和谐美满的家庭关系具有十分重要的意义。然而,登记离婚冷静期制度实施以来,适用情况并不乐观。为了有效规避登记离婚冷静期,离婚双方当事人多选择到法院起诉快速调解离婚,造成登记离婚冷静期制度在一定程度上形同虚设。为了推进离婚冷静期制度的有效实施,可以通过设立诉讼离婚冷静期、构建登记离婚冷静期与诉讼离婚冷静期对接规则、区分设置离婚冷静期区间及适用条件等措施,不断探索离婚冷静期制度的完善路径。Article 1077 of the Civil Code sets a 30-day cooling-off period for divorce registration,which is the legislative response to the phenomenon of“flash marriage and flash divorce”.It is of great significance in reducing hasty and impulsive divorce,in guaranteeing stable and harmonious marriage,and in building civilized,harmonious and happy family relationship.However,the application of this system has failed to produce the expected optimistic results since its implementation.To avoid the cooling-off period of divorce registration,both parties of divorce choose to file a suit in court for quick mediation of divorce,making the cooling-off period of divorce registration a“virtually useless”system.It is suggested to establish a cooling-off period for divorce litigation,to set rules for the alignment of registered divorce cooling-off period and the divorce litigation cooling-off period,to set application conditions and relevant guarantee mechanism of divorce cooling-off period,so as to find out measures to improve the divorce cooling-off period system.

关 键 词：离婚冷静期 登记离婚冷静期 诉讼离婚冷静期 家事裁判制度 公共秩序 

分 类 号：D923.9[政治法律—民商法学]