强化液冷牵引变压器电磁结构设计及优化  

Electromagnetic Design and Optimization of Enhanced Liquid-Cooling Traction Transformer

作　　者：温志伟[1] 熊斌[1,2] 程自然 Wen Zhiwei;Xiong Bin;Chen Ziran(New Technology of Power Equipment Laboratory of Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100190 China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049 China;College of Electrical Information and Engineering Hunan University,Changsha 410082 China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院电工研究所电力设备新技术实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]湖南大学电气信息与工程学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2021年第S02期460-466,共7页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：中国科学院电工研究所所长基金资助项目(Y920111CS2)。

摘　　要：随着我国高速铁路机车牵引功率的快速增加,综合考虑效率、电磁参数、绝缘性能和散热等问题的牵引变压器轻量化设计需求日渐突出。该文基于液体冷却的强化换热和冷却系统的绝缘设计,提出一种高铁车载牵引变压器的芯式电磁结构。变压器绕组采用饼式线圈,其间设计有液体冷却工质流动通道。以高低压绕组匝数、铁心直径和工作磁通密度作为优化参数,变压器损耗、绝缘和电抗参数等作为约束条件,采用遗传算法实现了牵引变压器的轻量化设计,并研制了一台900kV·A采用非油类液体强化冷却的牵引变压器原理样机。优化分析表明,铁心部分对整机轻量化目标的实现有显著影响,提高铁心工作磁通密度、绕组工作电流密度和强化冷却可以有效降低变压器整体质量。对样机的试验测试验证了变压器损耗、短路电抗等参数优化设计结果的正确性和电磁结构轻量化方法的有效性。Lightweight design considering of efficiency,electromagnetic parameters,insulation performance and heat dissipation of traction transformer becomes increasingly prominent with rapidly increasing of traction power of high-speed railway locomotives in China.Based on the design of enhanced heat exchange and liquid cooling insulation system,a core electromagnetic structure of highspeed railway vehicle mounted traction transformer is proposed in this paper.The transformer winding is composed of multi pie coils which have liquid cooling flow channel.Taking the turns of high and low voltage windings,core diameter and working flux density as optimization parameters,and transformer loss,insulation and reactance parameters as constraints,the lightweight design of traction transformer has been realized based on the genetic optimization algorithm.A 900 kV·A traction transformer prototype with enhanced cooling by non-oil liquid has been manufactured.The optimization results shows that the core part has a significant impact on the lightweight of traction transformer,and the overall weight of the transformer can be effectively reduced by increasing the working magnetic density of the core and the working electrical density of winding accompany with enhanced cooling system.Test results verified the optimum design results of parameters such as transformer loss,short-circuit reactance and the effectiveness of lightweight method for electromagnetic structure.

关 键 词：牵引变压器 芯式结构 饼式绕组 遗传算法 

分 类 号：TM403.2[电气工程—电器]