光伏发电运行失配机理及特性分析  

Analysis on Operation Mismatch Mechanism and Characteristics of Photovoltaic Power Generation

作　　者：刘建鑫 LIU Jianxin(Sichuan Hechuan Investment Corporation of Shuifa Group,Chengdu 610032,China)

机构地区：[1]水发集团四川河川投资有限公司,四川成都610032

出　　处：《山东电力技术》2022年第1期53-59,共7页Shandong Electric Power

基　　金：国网山东省电力公司科技项目“规模化分布式发电并网状态评估技术研究及应用”(520626200014)。

摘　　要：受天气、安装位置等因素影响,光伏发电系统中的太阳能电池组串会出现光照强度不均,引发功率失配,导致发电功率损耗增大乃至热斑效应问题。为解决这一问题,开展太阳能电池的精细化建模,深度挖掘分析太阳能电池串、并联组串的失配机理,进而提出采用串联太阳能电池加旁路二极管、并联太阳能电池加阻断二极管的太阳能电池组串功率失配解决方案,在MATLAB中基于太阳能电池工程用数学模型建立太阳能电池模型,对上述方法的可行性和有效性完成了仿真验证。仿真结果表明:对于串联太阳能电池,添加旁路二极管,可以起到分流作用;对于并联太阳能电池,添加阻断二极管,可以有效防止电流的反向流动,二者都能有效减少失配带来的功率损失,提升太阳能电池组串的安全高效运行能力。Affected by the weather,installation location and other factors,the photovoltaic cell strings in the photovoltaic power generation system will have uneven light intensity,causing power mismatch and leading to increased generation power loss and even hot spot effects.In order to solve this problem,the fine modeling of photovoltaic cells was carried out,and the mismatch mechanism of photovoltaic cell series and parallel series was deeply analyzed.Moreover,a series power mismatch solution of photovoltaic cell pack using series photovoltaic cell plus bypass diode and parallel photovoltaic cell plus blocking diode was proposed.The model of photovoltaic cell was established in MATLAB,and the feasibility and effectiveness of the above method were verified by simulation.The simulation results show that for series photovoltaic cells,adding bypass diode can play a shunting role.For parallel photovoltaic cells,adding blocking diodes can effectively prevent the reverse flow of current.Both can effectively reduce the power loss caused by mismatch and improve the safe and efficient operation ability of photovoltaic cell strings.

关 键 词：太阳能电池 功率失配 旁路二极管 阻断二极管 最大功率跟踪 

分 类 号：TM615[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]