居住建筑通风换气状况的动态特性研究  

Study on the Dynamic Variation of Natural Ventilation Rates in Residential Buildings

作　　者：简毅文[1,2] 孙荣 刘书伟 郭锐敏 边萌萌 刘子嘉 JIAN Yiwen;SUN Rong;LIU Shuwei;GUO Ruimin;BIAN Mengmeng;LIU Zijia(Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Built Environment and Energy Efficient Technology,Beijing 100124,China;China Academy of Building Research State Key Laboratory of Building Safety,Beijing 100013)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学城市建设学部,北京100124 [2]北京市绿色建筑环境与节能技术重点实验室,北京100124 [3]中国建筑科学研究院建筑安全与环境国家重点实验室,北京100013

出　　处：《建筑科学》2021年第12期44-49,55,共7页Building Science

基　　金：“建筑安全与环境国家重点实验室/国家建筑工程技术研究中心开放课题基金”(BSBE2021-06);“十三五”国家重点研发计划“居住建筑室内通风策略与室内空气质量营造”(2016YFC0700501)。

摘　　要：针对房间实际通风状况的量化描述,本研究提出基于人体释放的CO_(2)作为示踪气体的房间动态通风量的计算方法。选取北京市2户自然通风住宅卧室进行为期1 a的连续测量和记录,计算确定房间全年逐时的通风换气次数,并以此开展居住建筑通风换气状况的动态特性研究。结果表明开窗时段换气次数在0~10次/h之间,关窗时段换气次数在0~2次/h之间。同时,房间换气次数变化呈现出季节差异以及作息影响,并表现出与室内外环境不同程度的相互关联,其中,室外温度和室内温度对换气次数的影响最为突出。This study proposed a method to determine the dynamic ventilation rates using CO_(2) released by the human body as the tracer gas based on the quantitative description of the actual ventilation in the room.Two bedrooms with natural ventilation in two apartments in Beijing were selected for a one-year continuous measurement of the indoor environment to study the hourly air change rate(ACR) of the room throughout the year,and further study the dynamic characteristics of natural ventilation conditions of residential buildings.Results show that the ACR during the period with window opened is between 0~10 h;,and during the period with window closed is between 0~2 h;.Meanwhile,the changes in ACR show seasonal differences and the influence of occupants’ daily schedules.Moreover,the relationships between ACR and indoor and outdoor environments are presented,with the influence of outdoor and indoor temperature on air change rate found to be the most prominent.

关 键 词：自然通风 换气次数 住宅建筑 动态特性 环境影响 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]