轴向迷宫密封性能的流固耦合分析  

Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis on Axial Labyrinth Seal

作　　者：董振 魏来[1] 汤赫男[1] 王世杰[1] DONG Zhen;WEI Lai;TANG Henan;WANG Shijie(College of Mechanical Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang Liaoning 110870,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳工业大学机械工程学院,辽宁沈阳110870

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2022年第1期89-93,共5页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金指导计划项目(2019-ZD-0201)。

摘　　要：以往轴向迷宫密封设计时多借鉴旋转迷宫密封的研究成果,而对于轴向迷宫密封,其内部流体变化形式存在较大区别。为探讨轴向迷宫密封流场分布和泄漏特性,对某型号迷宫压缩机活塞气缸部位采用的齿形轴向迷宫密封结构进行研究。建立该轴向迷宫密封结构的三维模型,对迷宫密封泄漏特性进行流固耦合分析,分析迷宫密封流体域内压力分布、流场分布及结构变形量的变化规律。结果表明:该轴向迷宫密封齿形结构的设计,能够有效地将流体压力能转换为湍动能,通过逐级能量损耗而实现密封;迷宫密封结构在入口处发生最大变形,流体出口处活塞气缸总变形量降低。将该轴向迷宫密封结构应用于压缩机进行实验测试,表明气缸与活塞之间的密封性能良好,为轴向迷宫密封的结构设计与应用提供理论支撑。The design of axial labyrinth seal usually uses the research results of rotating labyrinth seal for reference at present,however there are great differences in the internal fluid change forms of axial labyrinth seal.In order to investigate the flow field distribution and leakage characteristics of axial labyrinth seal,the toothed axial labyrinth seal structure used in the piston cylinder of a type of labyrinth compressor was studied.The 3D model for the axial labyrinth seal was established and the leakage characteristics of the labyrinth seal were analyzed by numerical simulation under the influence of fluid-structure coupling.Through the simulation analysis of the internal flow of the axial labyrinth seal,the change law of the internal fluid in the labyrinth channel was obtained.The results show that the design of the tooth structure of the axial labyrinth seal can effectively convert the fluid pressure energy into turbulent kinetic energy,and realize the seal through step-by-step energy loss.The maximum deformation of labyrinth seal structure occurs at the inlet,and the total deformation of the piston cylinder at the fluid outlet is reduced.The axial labyrinth seal structure was applied to the compressor for experimental test.It is shown that and the sealing performance between the cylinder and piston is good,which provides theoretical support for the structure design and application of axial labyrinth seal.

关 键 词：迷宫密封 流固耦合分析 泄漏量 迷宫压缩机 

分 类 号：TH457[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH136