1996-2017年张家口市区景观格局与地表热环境的时空变化  

Spatiotemporal Variations of Landscape Pattern and Urban Thermal Environment in Zhangjiakou City During 1996-2017

作　　者：刘孟竹 李雅丽 张红娟 王飞枭 裴宏伟[1,2] Liu Mengzhu;Li Yali;Zhang Hongjuan;Wang Feixiao;Pei Hongwei(Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Architecture, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Water Quality Engineering and Comprehensive Utilization of Water Resources, Zhangjiakou, Hebei 075000, China)

机构地区：[1]河北建筑工程学院市政与环境工程系,河北张家口075000 [2]河北省水质工程与水资源综合利用重点实验室,河北张家口075000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2021年第6期303-309,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“北方农牧交错带典型集约菜田蒸散及水盐运移过程研究”(41701017);河北省自然科学基金项目(D2020404001);河北建筑工程学院研究生创新基金项目(XY202155);河北省科技厅高水平人才团队建设项目(199A4201H);张家口市科技局人才专项(201903Y)。

摘　　要：[目的]对河北省张家口市景观格局及城市热环境的时空变化及关系进行分析,为缓解城市热环境极端化给人居环境、工业生产带来的严重威胁提供策略。[方法]基于Landsat遥感影像,通过地表温度反演和移动窗口法分析张家口市区1996—2017年城市热环境和景观格局的时空变化关系。[结果]①1996—2017年,研究区景观格局主要变化为不透水面景观的增加(81.26 km^(2))以及植被景观的减少(61.78 km^(2));②研究区平均地表温度(LST)在1996—2017年增长了约3℃;不透水面和植被景观的平均LST为27.29℃和23.77℃,分别为城市热环境中的“热源”和“冷源”;③植被、水域景观面积比例每下降10%,对应的LST分别下降2.71℃和5.77℃;不透水面面积比例增长10%,LST则上升0.25℃;景观聚合度、景观形状指数、耕地面积比例均与LST保持非线性相关。[结论]1996—2017年张家口市热环境的进一步加剧,主要与城市化扩张以及植被的减少有关。[Objective]The impacts of landscape pattern on urban thermal environment were studied to support the strategies that can mitigate extreme thermal environment caused by rapid urbanization in living environments and industrial production.[Methods]Based on Landsat images in 1996,2008 and 2017 in Zhangjiakou City of Hebei Province,land surface temperature(LST)retrieval was conducted to quantify and map the thermal environment.Meanwhile,the landscape pattern index was obtained by moving window method at a grid scale.Finally,the specific relationship between the landscape pattern and LST was analyzed quantitatively and spatially.[Results]①The changes of landscape pattern were featured by the expansion of impervious surface landscape with an increase of more than 81.26 km^(2) from 1996 to 2017,followed by the reduction in vegetation landscape(61.78 km^(2)).②During the study period,the average LST of the study area increased by approximately 3℃,and the impervious surface landscape and vegetation landscape as the“heat source”landscape and the“cold source”landscape maintained the average LST of 27.29℃and 23.77℃,respectively.③For every 10%decrease in the proportion of vegetation landscape and water landscape area,the corresponding LST decreased by 2.71℃and 5.77℃,respectively.For every 10%increase in the proportion of impervious surface area,LST increased by 0.25℃.Landscape aggregation,shape index and proportion of cultivated area all maintained a non-linear correlation with LST.[Conclusion]The urban’s thermal environment has developed towards a high level in Zhangjiakou City in the last two decades,which was strongly related to both the increase in impervious surface and reduction in vegetation.

关 键 词：城市热环境 遥感 景观格局 温度反演 张家口市 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]