辽宁省抚顺市2000-2020年土地利用格局变化与生态环境效应  

Change of Land Use Pattern and Ecological Environment Effect in Fushun City of Liaoning Province from 2000 to 2020

作　　者：刘润 姜琦刚[1] 史鹏飞 刘斌 张莉莉 Liu Run;Jiang Qigang;Shi Pengfei;Liu Bin;Zhang Lili(College of Geo-exploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130026, China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地球探测科学与技术学院,吉林长春130026

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2021年第6期353-360,共8页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国地质调查局二级项目“全国地球关键带遥感地质调查项目”(DD20190536)。

摘　　要：[目的]探讨辽宁省抚顺市退耕还林以来土地利用格局时空变化特征及生态环境效应,揭示土地利用格局变化对环境的影响,为该区土地利用结构优化提供科学依据。[方法]以2000,2010和2020年3期遥感影像为基础数据,通过土地利用动态度、土地利用程度综合指数、土地利用转移矩阵、NDVI差值分析、区域生态环境质量指数等方法定量分析抚顺市土地利用格局时空变化特征及生态环境效应。[结果]①2000—2020年研究区各种土地类型存在相互转化的关系,其中林地和耕地变化较为明显。20 a间,耕地面积减少825.59 km^(2),增长率-7.32%;林地面积增加591.14 km^(2),增长率5.24%;城镇用地面积增加182.36 km^(2),增长率1.62%;②2000,2010和2020年研究区土地利用程度综合指数分别为224.48,225.57和226.12,同比增长0.49%和0.24%,研究区土地开发利用强度缓慢上升;③研究区20 a间植被覆盖整体呈上升趋势,NDVI减少的区域与城镇用地的扩张区域基本重合;④3个时期土地利用类型转化的生态环境质量指数分别为0.7448,0.7754和0.7826,10 a间环境质量生态指数分别上升4.11%和0.93%,环境质量整体呈上升趋势。[结论]20 a间研究区快速推进城镇化进程的同时环境质量整体向好,局部范围内生态环境质量改善与恶化并存。城镇用地、耕地、林地之间的转化为主要原因,退耕还林等环境保护政策使研究区环境质量不断上升,但随着时间的推移,上升趋势趋于平缓。[Objective]The spatiotemporal change characteristics of land use pattern and the effect of ecological environment in Fushun City,Liaoning Province after returning farmland to forestland were discussed,in order to provide reference for the optimization of land use structure in this area.[Methods]Based on the remote sensing images in 2000,2010 and 2020,the spatial and temporal change characteristics of land use pattern and the ecological environment effect in Fushun City were quantitatively analyzed by using the methods of land use dynamic degree,land use degree comprehensive index,land use transfer matrix,NDVI difference analysis and regional ecological environment quality index.[Results]①From 2000 to 2020,there was a mutual transformation relationship between various land types in the study area,among which,the change of woodland and cultivated land was more obvious.During the past 20 years,the area of cultivated land decreased by 825.59 km^(2),with a growth rate of-7.32%.Forest land area increased by 591.14 km^(2),with a growth rate of 5.24%.Urban land area increased by 182.36 km^(2),with a growth rate of 1.62%.②In 2000,2010 and 2020,the comprehensive index of land use degree in the study area was 224.48,225.57 and 226.12,respectively,with year-on-year growth of 0.49%and 0.24%.The intensity of land development and utilization in the study area increased slowly.③During the past 20 years,the vegetation coverage in the study area showed an upward trend.The decreased areas of NDVI basically coincided with the expanding areas of urban land.④The environmental quality index of land use transition in the three periods were 0.7448,0.7754 and 0.7826,respectively.During the past 10 years,the environmental quality index increased by 4.11%and 0.93%,respectively,and the overall environmental quality showed an upward trend.[Conclusion]In the past 20 years,the rapid urbanization process in the study area has been promoted,the overall environmental quality has been improved,and the improvement and deterioration of ecolog

关 键 词：土地利用变化 土地利用程度 生态环境效应 NDVI变化 辽宁省抚顺市 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济] TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]