粤港澳大湾区城镇化对海岸线与海岸带的影响  

Impacts of urbanization on coastline and coastal zone in the Guangdong⁃Hong Kong⁃Macao Greater Bay Area

作　　者：石佳佳 李伟峰[2] 刘亚丽 周伟奇[2] 韩立建[2] 田淑芳[1] 王瑗镁 牛雪倩 SHI Jiajia;LI Weifeng;LIU Yali;ZHOU Weiqi;HAN Lijian;TIAN Shufang;WANG Yuanmei;NIU Xueqian(China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Ecological Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《生态学报》2022年第1期67-75,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA230301);国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0505701)。

摘　　要：海岸带以丰富的自然资源与优越的地理位置成为城镇化的关键地带。基于Google Earth平台2001、2010、2018年高分影像识别分析了粤港澳大湾区快速城镇化过程中海岸线长度的变化,并分析了大湾区海岸带土地利用/土地覆被(land use/land cover,LULC)变化,以及定量解析了大湾区滨海城市城镇化与海岸带城镇用地的关联关系。结果表明:(1)2001—2018年,粤港澳大湾区海岸线总长度净增加32.24 km,但自然岸线人工化问题突出,自然岸线共减少187.67 km,人工岸线共增加219.91 km;(2)海岸带(海岸线向陆侧5 km缓冲区)LULC组成以耕地为主,但城镇用地对耕地的侵占问题突出,2001—2018年,耕地面积减少347.58 km^(2),城镇用地面积增加588.33 km^(2);(3)2001—2018年,滨海城市土地城镇化与海岸带城镇用地增长呈显著相关,并且滨海城市土地城镇化对海岸带城镇用地增加的影响在加强(2001—2010年和2010—2018年贡献率分别为43.7%和68.51%)。研究结果可对粤港澳大湾区海岸带保护、修复以及土地利用规划管理提供科学参考。The coastal zone has become the key area of urbanization with its rich natural resources and advantageously geographical location.This paper identified and analyzed the coastline length change of Guangdong⁃Hong Kong⁃Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA)under rapid urbanization based on high⁃resolution images of Google Earth platform in 2001,2010 and 2018.We analyzed land use/land cover(LULC)change in the GBA coastal zone,and analyzed the correlation between the urbanization of coastal cities and LULC change of coastal zone.The results showed that(1)the coastline length of the GBA increased by 32.24 km from 2001 to 2018,indicating that the human activities had marked impacts on the coastline;the artificial coastline increased by 219.91 km,mainly at the cost of the decrease(187.67 km)of natural coastline.(2)and the urban land in the coastal zone(5 km buffer zone on the landward side of coastline)increased by 588.33 km^(2) and mainly encroached agriculture(347.58 km^(2));(3)there were significant correlations between the urbanization level of coastal cities and the growth of urban land in coastal zones from 2001—2018,and the relation became stronger during 2010 to 2018(R^(2)=0.6851)than that during 2001 to 2010(R^(2)=0.437),suggesting that the effects of urbanization was deepened.Our findings have important practical implications for coastal zone protection,restoration and land use planning and management in GBA.

关 键 词：湾区 城镇化 海岸线 海岸带 土地利用/土地覆被 

分 类 号：P748[天文地球—海洋科学] F299.27[经济管理—国民经济]