鼓室声导抗测试用于儿童听力筛查的效果分析  

Analysis of the effect of tympanic acoustic immittance test in child hearing screening

作　　者：吴炜翰 刘淑娟 Wu Weihan;Liu Shujuan(Child Healthcare Department, Xiaolan People′s Hospital of Zhongshan, Zhongshan Guangdong 528400, China)

机构地区：[1]中山市小榄人民医院儿童保健科,广东中山528400

出　　处：《保健医学研究与实践》2022年第1期64-67,共4页Health Medicine Research and Practice

摘　　要：目的探讨鼓室声导抗测试用于儿童听力筛查的效果。方法选取2017年3月—2018年7月在中山市某医院保健科进行体检的3岁及以上儿童685名作为研究对象,对研究对象进行鼓室声导抗测试,根据测试得出的鼓室图分析测试结果,将结果异常的儿童转诊至耳鼻喉科,并追踪转诊情况。结果研究对象中共147名儿童单耳或双耳鼓室图异常,占比21.5%。异常鼓室图中,22只耳的鼓室图呈Ad型曲线(10.5%),129只耳的鼓室图呈B型曲线(61.7%),58只耳的鼓室图呈C型曲线(27.8%)。在鼓室图异常的研究对象中,有59名儿童(40.1%)遵医嘱前往专科诊治。转诊的研究对象中,共26名儿童诊断出相关疾病,占转诊者的44.1%,其中诊断为分泌性中耳炎的12例,外耳道炎的7例,腺样体肥大的4例,鼻窦炎的9例(1名研究对象可能同时诊断有2种或以上疾病)。结论鼓室声导抗测试通过评估儿童中耳功能,可以及时发现影响中耳功能的相关疾病,进而可在一定程度上预防听力损失的发生,因此也可作为听力筛查的方法之一。在临床应用上,可与耳声发射及纯音测听等方法相结合,以提高筛查结果的准确性。同时,应加强对家长的宣教,提高家长对听力损失的认识。Objective To explore the effect of tympanic acoustic immittance test in hearing screening of children.Methods A total of 685 children aged 3 and over who underwent physical examination in healthcare department of a hospital in Zhongshan from March 2017 to July 2018 were selected as subjects.The tympanic acoustic immittance test was performed,and the test results were analyzed according to the tympanogram.The children with abnormal results were referred to the department of otolaryngology,and the referrals were followed up.Results A total of 147 children with monaural or binaural tympanogram were abnormal,accounting for 21.5%.In the abnormal tympanogram,the tympanogram of 22 ears showed an Ad-shaped curve(10.5%),129 ears showed a B-shaped curve(61.7%),and 58 ears showed a C-shaped curve(27.8%).Among the subjects with abnormal tympanogram,59 cases(40.1%)went to the specialist for diagnosis and treatment.Among the subjects referred,26 cases were diagnosed with related diseases,accounting for 44.1%of the referrals,including 12 cases of secretory otitis media,7 cases of otitis externa,4 cases of adenoidal hypertrophy and 9 cases of sinusitis(1 case may have two or more diseases at the same time).Conclusion By evaluating the middle ear function of children,tympanic acoustic immittance test can find the related diseases that affect the middle ear function timely,and then prevent the hearing loss to a certain extent,so it can also be used as one of the methods of hearing screening.In clinical application,it can be combined with otoacoustic emission and pure tone audiometry to improve the accuracy of screening results.At the same time,publicity and education for parents should be strengthened to improve parents'understanding of hearing loss.

关 键 词：鼓室声导抗 听力筛查 听力损失 

分 类 号：R764.04[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]