基于嗜盐菌合成生物学的下一代工业生物技术  

“Next Generation Industrial Biotechnology” Based on Halophilic Bacteria and Their Synthetic Biology

作　　者：何宏韬 郑爽 陈国强[2] HE Hongtao;ZHENG Shuang;CHEN Guoqiang(School of Life Sciences t Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Department Chemical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学生命科学学院,北京100084 [2]清华大学化工系,北京100084

出　　处：《集成技术》2022年第1期1-12,共12页Journal of Integration Technology

基　　金：国家科技部“合成生物学”重大项目(2018YFA0900200)。

摘　　要：嗜盐微生物是在高盐、高pH环境中具备正常生长能力的极端微生物,是珍贵的科研素材和生产资源。相关研究通过对嗜盐菌合成生物学的改造和"下一代工业生物技术"的探索,实现了嗜盐工程菌在生物反应器中利用海水进行不灭菌连续发酵并产生类型多样、性能各异的聚羟基脂肪酸酯,且与其他高附加值化学品实现了联产。基于嗜盐菌的下一代工业生物技术,具备节能、节水、节时、低成本等特点,有着很好的市场竞争力和划时代的技术优势。基于极端微生物,特别是基于嗜盐菌合成生物学的下一代工业生物技术的兴起和发展,能够提升生物制造产品的市场竞争力,促进环保的生物基工业产品替代石油基产品,同时也能为早日实现"碳达峰、碳中和"提供强有力的技术支持和保障。该文分析了基于嗜盐菌合成生物学的下一代工业生物技术的特点,为合成生物学与下一代工业生物技术提供了新的视角和思路。Halophiles are extremophilic microorganisms able to grow in high-salt and high-pH environments. Synthetic biology studies on halophilic bacteria lead to the development of “Next Generation Industrial Biotechnology”(NGIB). Engineered Halomonas spp. is succeeded in the production of various polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHA) and their co-productions with other high value-added chemicals, under continuous and nonsterile fermentation processes using seawater to replace fresh water. NGIB based on halophilic bacteria provides advantages including energy-saving, water-saving, time-saving, less process complexity and low-cost. It will help to become “Carbon Neutral” for our society. This article analyzes the characteristics of the next generation of industrial biotechnology based on halophilic bacteria and their synthetic biology, providing a new perspective and ideas for synthetic biology and the next generation of industrial biotechnology.

关 键 词：合成生物学 嗜盐微生物 下一代工业生物技术 聚羟基脂肪酸酯 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程]