基于人格特质大五模型对美德实在性的积极辩护  

The Justification for Virtue’s Reality Based on the Five-Factor Model

作　　者：张玉帅[1] 殷杰[1] ZHANG Yu-shuai;YIN Jie(Research Center for Philosophy of Science and Technology,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学科学技术哲学研究中心,太原030006

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2022年第1期56-63,共8页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“人类道德行为的进化与社会文化心理机制研究”(20&ZD039);国家社会科学基金重点项目“当代社会本体论问题研究”(20AZX005);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“大脑的本质与现代认知观研究”(18JJD720004)。

摘　　要：多里斯、哈曼援引心理学中情境主义质疑“人格”的理论与实验证据来挑战美德之实在性,美德伦理学家基于概念辨析、逻辑推演予以消极回应。心理学证据与哲学思辨在实证与理论层次上的错位,致使美德实在性争论仍在继续。文章对美德实在性争论进行实证分析,剖析“美德”与“人格”的关系,剥离出美德的实证内核——美德特质;立足美德的说明方案,结合人格特质大五模型的实证研究,考察人格特质与美德特质在神经解剖学层面的本体论依据,对美德实在性进行积极辩护。John Doris and Hubert Harman,the representatives of philosophical situationists,quoted the evidence of social psychology to disavow the reality of virtue.Facing the situation,virtue ethicists respond via the approach of conceptualized analysis,which is a passive defense strategy.The responding comes from the theoretical perspective while the challenge is depending on the evidence from the empirical research.Therefore,the virtue ethicists fail to justify the reality of the virtue.This paper starts from the empirical analysis of the debate,differentiates and analyzes“personality”and“virtue”,reveals the empirical core of virtue——virtue character.Then following the claim of explanatory project and incorporating the evidence from research about FFM,the paper explores an active defending strategy.

关 键 词：美德实在性 大五模型 人格神经科学 

分 类 号：N02[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]