呼吸抗阻训练对改善脊柱手术患者术后体位性低血压的效果研究  

Effect of respiratory resistance training on prevention orthostatic hypotension in patients after spinal surgery

作　　者：刘娟[1] 赵秋艳 徐青月 艾杜娟 LIU Juan;ZHAO Qiuyan;XU Qingyue;AI Dujuan(Department of Orthopedic,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an Shanxi 710004)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第二附属医院骨一科,陕西西安710004

出　　处：《护士进修杂志》2022年第3期223-227,共5页Journal of Nurses Training

摘　　要：目的探讨呼吸抗阻训练在预防脊柱手术患者术后体位性低血压(orthostatic hypotension, OH)中的应用效果。方法选取2018年1月-2020年1月西安交通大学第二附属医院收治的112例脊柱手术患者作为研究对象,按照入院时间顺序分为观察组和对照组,每组各56例。对照组给予常规术后护理,观察组在此基础上实施呼吸抗阻训练。比较2组患者首次下床端坐位、直立位3min时体位性低血压发生率、收缩压、舒张压、心率和头晕评分。结果观察组首次下床端坐位、直立位3min时收缩压和舒张压分别为(121.90±7.96)mmHg(1 mmHg≈0.133 kPa)、(121.06±8.50)mmHg和(74.96±6.19)mmHg、(72.79±6.22)mmHg,明显高于对照组的(117.85±8.18)mmHg、(115.98±9.58)mmHg和(72.00±5.73)mmHg、(69.98±5.77)mmHg差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组端坐位、直立位3 min时心率为(78.98±6.97)次/min、(80.71±10.22)次/min,明显低于对照组的(83.22±9.63)次/min、(84.57±8.34)次/min,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组直立位3 min时头晕评分为(1.77±0.31)分,明显低于对照组的(2.24±0.37)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后OH发生率为7.7%,明显低于对照组的24.1%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论呼吸抗阻训练能有效降低脊柱术后患者OH发生率,改善头晕症状,促进患者术后康复。Objective To investigate the effect of respiratory resistance training on prevention orthostatic hypotension(OH) of patients after spinal surgery. Methods A total of 112 patients after spinal surgery who admitted in the second affiliated hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong university from January 2018 to January 2020 were selected as the study objects. The patients were assigned to the experimental group and control group according to the ordere of admission, with 56 cases in each group. Patients in the control group was given routine nursing. On the basis of this, the experimental group received respiratory resistance training. The occurrence of orthostatic hypotension, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, heart rate and dizziness scores were compared between the two groups. Results In the first off the bed time, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure in the sitting position and standing position within 3 minutes were(121.90±7.96) mmHg(1 mmHg≈0.133 kPa),(121.06±8.50) mmHg and(74.96±6.19) mmHg,(72.79±6.22) mmHg in the experimental group, significantly higher than in the control group(117.85±8.18) mmHg,(115.98±9.58) mmHg and(72.00±5.73) mmHg,(69.98±5.77) mmHg;heart rate in the sitting position and standing position within 3 minutes were(78.98±6.97) times/min,(80.71±10.22) times/min in the experimental group, significantly lower than in the control group(83.22±9.63) times/min,(84.57±8.34) times/min, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). In standing position within 3 minutes, the dizziness scores were(1.77±0.31) pionts in the experimental group, significantly lower than in the control group(2.24±0.37) pionts, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The incidence of orthostatic hypotension in the experimental group was 7.7%, which was lower than 24.1% in the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Respiratory resistance training can reduce the incidence of orthostatic hypotension and improve dizziness symptoms and promote reha

关 键 词：呼吸抗阻训练 体位性低血压 脊柱手术 早期离床活动 护理 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学] R681.5[医药卫生—临床医学]